„idem“ – Versionsunterschied
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<span class=" | [[i-]][[dem]] [[Sprachstufe::lat.]] "ist sich"; "selbst, dasselbe, derselbe, dieselbe"; alat. ''id, ea, is'' "ist" + alat. [[em]] "-isch" | ||
Von uital. *izdim; äquivalent zu „er“ + uital. *-im (hervorhebende Markierung) (daher Sabellic *-om, Oscan 𐌝𐌔𐌝𐌃𐌖𐌌 (ísídum), 𐌄𐌔𐌝𐌃𐌖𐌌 (esídum)), von uig. *im (woher auch alat. im, em), Akkusativ Singular von *[[éy]] (also stammen beide Teile aus derselben Quelle). Das -s- ging verloren und das i- wurde durch kompensatorische Verlängerung verlängert. | |||
Wenn [[is'|is]]' Ablativfälle ''eōd'', ''eād'' zu ''eō'', ''eā'', ''idems'' wurden, wurden ablative wahre Formen eōd-em, eād-em als eō-dem, eā-dem interpretiert. Der neutrale Nominativ Singular id-em ist natürlich und ergibt früher emem (= später eundem). Der neue Marker -dem diente dann zur Bildung von totidem, tantumdem, ibīdem usw. Vergleiche [[tamen|tam-en]] mit seinem späteren Dublett: [[tandem|tan-dem]] (← *tam-dem). | |||
Aussprache | |||
*'''<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[[wikipedia:Classical_Latin|Classical]]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [[wikt:Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet|IPA]]<sup>([[wikt:Appendix:Latin_pronunciation|key]])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈiː.dem/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈiːd̪ɛ̃ˑ]</span>''' | |||
*'''<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_phonology_and_orthography#Ecclesiastical_pronunciation modern Italianate Ecclesiastical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈi.dem/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈiːd̪em]</span>''' | |||
Pronomen | |||
īdem (feminin eadem, Neutrum idem); Demonstrativpronomen (mit m optional → n in Komposita) mit einem nicht deklinierbaren Teil | |||
# das Gleiche | |||
==== <span id="Declension">Declension</span> ==== | |||
<p>Irregular declension. Similar to the declension of <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/is#Latin is, ea, id]</em>. [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#demonstrative Demonstrative] pronoun (with ''m'' optionally → ''n'' in compounds) with an [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#indeclinable indeclinable] portion.</p> | |||
{| class="prettytable inflection-table inflection-table-la" | |||
|- | |||
! Number | |||
! colspan="3" | Singular | |||
| rowspan="2" | | |||
! colspan="3" | Plural | |||
|- | |||
! Case / Gender | |||
! Masculine | |||
! Feminine | |||
! Neuter | |||
! Masculine | |||
! Feminine | |||
! Neuter | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nominative_case Nominative] | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|m|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">īdem</strong></span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|f|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eadem#Latin eadem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|n|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">idem</strong></span> | |||
| rowspan="5" | | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|m|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">īdem</strong></span><sup>1</sup> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|f|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eaedem#Latin eaedem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|n|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eadem#Latin eadem]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/genitive_case Genitive] | |||
| colspan="3" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|m|s|;|gen|f|s|;|gen|n|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eiusdem#Latin eiusdem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|m|s|;|gen|f|s|;|gen|n|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ejusdem#Latin ejusdem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|m|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eorundem#Latin eōrundem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|m|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eorumdem#Latin eōrumdem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|m|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eundem#Latin eundem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|m|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eumdem#Latin eumdem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|f|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/earundem#Latin eārundem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|f|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/earumdem#Latin eārumdem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|n|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eorundem#Latin eōrundem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|n|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eorumdem#Latin eōrumdem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|n|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eundem#Latin eundem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|n|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eumdem#Latin eumdem]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dative_case Dative] | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|m|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eidem#Latin eīdem]</span><sup>2</sup><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|m|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eidem#Latin e͡idem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|m|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eidem#Latin ēīdem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|f|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eidem#Latin eīdem]</span><sup>2</sup><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|f|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eidem#Latin e͡idem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|f|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eidem#Latin ēīdem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|f|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eaedem#Latin eaedem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|n|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eidem#Latin eīdem]</span><sup>2</sup><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|n|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eidem#Latin e͡idem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|n|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eidem#Latin ēīdem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|m|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eisdem#Latin eīsdem]</span><sup>1</sup><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|m|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/iisdem#Latin iīsdem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|m|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/isdem#Latin īsdem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|f|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eisdem#Latin eīsdem]</span><sup>1</sup><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|f|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/iisdem#Latin iīsdem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|f|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/isdem#Latin īsdem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|f|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=eabusdem&action=edit&redlink=1 eābusdem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|n|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eisdem#Latin eīsdem]</span><sup>1</sup><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|n|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/iisdem#Latin iīsdem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|n|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/isdem#Latin īsdem]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/accusative_case Accusative] | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|m|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eundem#Latin eundem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|m|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eumdem#Latin eumdem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|f|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eandem#Latin eandem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|f|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eamdem#Latin eamdem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|n|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">idem</strong></span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|m|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eosdem#Latin eōsdem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|f|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/easdem#Latin eāsdem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|n|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eadem#Latin eadem]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ablative_case Ablative] | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|m|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eodem#Latin eōdem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|f|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eadem#Latin eādem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|n|s-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eodem#Latin eōdem]</span> | |||
| colspan="3" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|m|p|;|abl|f|p|;|abl|n|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eisdem#Latin eīsdem]</span><sup>1</sup><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|m|p|;|abl|f|p|;|abl|n|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/iisdem#Latin iīsdem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|m|p|;|abl|f|p|;|abl|n|p-form-of origin-īdem" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/isdem#Latin īsdem]</span> | |||
|} | |||
<p><sup>1</sup>The nom./dat./abl. plural forms regularly developed into a monosyllable /iː(s)/, with later remodelling - compare the etymology of [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/deus deus]. This /iː/ was normally spelled as <small>EI</small> during and as <small>II</small> after the Republic; a disyllabic ''iī'', spelled <small>II, Iꟾ</small>, appears in Silver Age poetry, while disyllabic ''eīs'' is only post-Classical. Other spellings include <small>EEI(S), EIEI(S), IEI(S)</small>.<br><sup>2</sup>The dat. singular is found spelled <small>EIEI</small> (here represented as ''ēī'') and scanned as two longs in Plautus, but also as a monosyllable. The latter is its normal scansion in Classical. Other spellings include <small>EEI, IEI</small>.</p> | |||
Aktuelle Version vom 8. Juni 2025, 17:06 Uhr
i-dem lat. "ist sich"; "selbst, dasselbe, derselbe, dieselbe"; alat. id, ea, is "ist" + alat. em "-isch"
Von uital. *izdim; äquivalent zu „er“ + uital. *-im (hervorhebende Markierung) (daher Sabellic *-om, Oscan 𐌝𐌔𐌝𐌃𐌖𐌌 (ísídum), 𐌄𐌔𐌝𐌃𐌖𐌌 (esídum)), von uig. *im (woher auch alat. im, em), Akkusativ Singular von *éy (also stammen beide Teile aus derselben Quelle). Das -s- ging verloren und das i- wurde durch kompensatorische Verlängerung verlängert.
Wenn is' Ablativfälle eōd, eād zu eō, eā, idems wurden, wurden ablative wahre Formen eōd-em, eād-em als eō-dem, eā-dem interpretiert. Der neutrale Nominativ Singular id-em ist natürlich und ergibt früher emem (= später eundem). Der neue Marker -dem diente dann zur Bildung von totidem, tantumdem, ibīdem usw. Vergleiche tam-en mit seinem späteren Dublett: tan-dem (← *tam-dem).
Aussprache
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈiː.dem/, [ˈiːd̪ɛ̃ˑ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈi.dem/, [ˈiːd̪em]
Pronomen
īdem (feminin eadem, Neutrum idem); Demonstrativpronomen (mit m optional → n in Komposita) mit einem nicht deklinierbaren Teil
- das Gleiche
Declension
Irregular declension. Similar to the declension of is, ea, id. Demonstrative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion.
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | īdem | eadem | idem | īdem1 | eaedem | eadem | |
| Genitive | eiusdem ejusdem |
eōrundem eōrumdem eundem eumdem |
eārundem eārumdem |
eōrundem eōrumdem eundem eumdem | |||
| Dative | eīdem2 e͡idem ēīdem |
eīdem2 e͡idem ēīdem eaedem |
eīdem2 e͡idem ēīdem |
eīsdem1 iīsdem īsdem |
eīsdem1 iīsdem īsdem eābusdem |
eīsdem1 iīsdem īsdem | |
| Accusative | eundem eumdem |
eandem eamdem |
idem | eōsdem | eāsdem | eadem | |
| Ablative | eōdem | eādem | eōdem | eīsdem1 iīsdem īsdem | |||
1The nom./dat./abl. plural forms regularly developed into a monosyllable /iː(s)/, with later remodelling - compare the etymology of deus. This /iː/ was normally spelled as EI during and as II after the Republic; a disyllabic iī, spelled II, Iꟾ, appears in Silver Age poetry, while disyllabic eīs is only post-Classical. Other spellings include EEI(S), EIEI(S), IEI(S).
2The dat. singular is found spelled EIEI (here represented as ēī) and scanned as two longs in Plautus, but also as a monosyllable. The latter is its normal scansion in Classical. Other spellings include EEI, IEI.