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| <p>From <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language Proto-Indo-European]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/polh%E2%82%81%C3%BAs&action=edit&redlink=1 *polh₁ús]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">much, many</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#zero-grade o-grade] derivative of the root <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pleh%E2%82%81- *pleh₁-]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to fill</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Cognates include <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin Latin]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/plus#Latin plūs]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">more</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrit Sanskrit]</span> <em class="Deva mention" lang="sa">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81#Sanskrit पुरु]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="sa-Latn">puru</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">much, many, abundant</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Irish Old Irish]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="sga">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/oll#Old_Irish oll]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">great, vast</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_English Old English]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="ang">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/feolo#Old_English feolo]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">much, many</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> and <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Armenian Old Armenian]</span> <em class="Armn mention" lang="xcl">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D5%B5%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%BE#Old_Armenian յոլով]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="xcl-Latn">yolov</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>.</p>
| | #WEITERLEITUNG [[polýs]] |
| === <span id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</span> ===
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| <div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"><span class="vsToggleElement"><span class="NavToggle">[ more ▼]</span> </span><div class="vsShow">
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| *[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek_phonology key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/po.lýs/</span> → <span class="IPA">/poˈlys/</span> → <span class="IPA">/poˈlis/</span>
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| </div></div>
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| === <span id="Adjective">Adjective</span> ===
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| <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Polyt headword" lang="grc">πολῠ́ς</strong> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Ancient_Greek_transliteration •] (<span class="headword-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr" lang="grc-Latn">polús</span>) <span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></span> (''feminine'' <strong class="Polyt" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AE#Ancient_Greek πολλή]</strong>, ''neuter'' <strong class="Polyt" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%8D#Ancient_Greek πολῠ́]</strong>)</span>; ''[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Ancient_Greek_first_declension first]/[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Ancient_Greek_second_declension second declension]''</p>
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| #<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">of number<span class="ib-comma">,</span> in the [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#plural plural]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/many many], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/a_lot a lot] of
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| ##<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">with nouns of multitude</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/large large], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/great great]
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| ##<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">of amount<span class="ib-comma">,</span> with mass nouns</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/a_lot a lot] of, [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/much much]
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| ##<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#rare rare]<span class="ib-comma">,</span> of a person</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/great great], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mighty mighty]
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| ##<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">of sound</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/loud loud]
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| ##<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#attributive attributively]<span class="ib-comma">,</span> adverbial</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/strongly strongly], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fully fully]
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| ##<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">of space</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/wide wide], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/large large]
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| ##<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">of distance</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/far far]
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| ##<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">of time</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/long long]; [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/late late] <span class="HQToggle">[ quotations ▼]</span>
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| ##:<div class="h-usage-example"><em class="Polyt mention e-example" lang="grc">πολὺν χρόνον</em>
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| :##:<em class="e-transliteration tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">polùn khrónon</em>
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| :##:<span class="e-translation">for a long time</span>
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| </div>
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| #<span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">neuter <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%8D#Ancient_Greek πολύ]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">polú</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> or <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC#Ancient_Greek πολλά]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">pollá</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> as substantive</span></span>
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| ##[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/much much], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/a_lot a lot]
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| ###<em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">πολλοῦ [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%84%CE%BE%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82 ἄξιος]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">polloû áxios</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">πολλῶν ἄξιος</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">pollôn áxios</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>: [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/worth worth] a lot, [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/valuable valuable]
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| ###<em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">περὶ πολλοῦ [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%AD%CF%89 ποιέομαι]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">perì polloû poiéomai</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>: to think something worth a great deal, [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/value value] it [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/greatly greatly], be [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/glad glad] <span class="HQToggle">[ quotations ▼]</span>
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| ###:<div class="h-usage-example"><em class="Polyt mention e-example" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BB%E1%BD%B0#Ancient_Greek πολλὰ] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD#Ancient_Greek πιών] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BA%CE%B1%E1%BD%B6#Ancient_Greek καὶ] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BB%E1%BD%B0#Ancient_Greek πολλὰ] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%B3%CF%8E%CE%BD#Ancient_Greek φαγών] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BA%CE%B1%E1%BD%B6#Ancient_Greek καὶ] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BB%E1%BD%B0#Ancient_Greek πολλὰ] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BA%27#Ancient_Greek κάκ᾿] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B5%E1%BC%B0%CF%80%E1%BD%BC%CE%BD#Ancient_Greek εἰπὼν] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%80%CE%BD%CE%B8%CF%81%CF%8E%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82#Ancient_Greek ἀνθρώπους] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BA%CE%B5%E1%BF%96%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%B9#Ancient_Greek κεῖμαι] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%89%CE%BD#Ancient_Greek Τιμοκρέων] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BF%AC%CF%8C%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82#Ancient_Greek Ῥόδιος]</em>
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| :###:<span class="e-translation">After much drinking, much eating and much slandering of men I lie here, Timocreon of Rhodes.</span>
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| </div>
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| ##<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">of distance</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> A [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/great great] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/distance distance], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/far far]
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| ==== <span id="Usage_notes">Usage notes</span> ====
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| <p>Unlike in English, when <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc"><strong class="selflink">πολύς</strong></em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">polús</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> is combined with another adjective, it is usually joined to the adjective with <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%AF#Ancient_Greek καί]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">kaí</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>: <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BB%E1%BD%B0_%CE%BA%CE%B1%E1%BD%B6_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%AC&action=edit&redlink=1 πολλὰ καὶ κακά]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">pollà kaì kaká</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">many bad things</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span>, literally <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">many and bad things</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>.</p><p>The declension of <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">πολύς</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">polús</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> is formed from two stems, <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">πολ-</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">pol-</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> and <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">πολλ-</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">poll-</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> < <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">πολϝ-</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">polw-</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>.</p>
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