„Knoten“ – Versionsunterschied
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<span class="etymwb-headword"><span class="etymwb-orth">[[knoten]]</span> <span class="etymwb-gramgrp"><abbr title="" data-toggle="tooltip" data-original-title="Maskulinum">|</abbr> </span></span>meist in Mrz., in der Seemannssprache Maßeinheit für die Schiffsgeschwindigkeit (Seemeilen pro Stunde), entlehnt (Anfang 18. Jh.) aus gleichbed. <abbr title="" data-toggle="tooltip" data-original-title="englisch">engl.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">knot</span>'', Plur. ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">knots</span>'', eigentlich die ''Knoten'' in der Logleine zum Messen der Fahrgeschwindigkeit. | <span class="etymwb-headword"><span class="etymwb-orth">[[knoten]]</span> <span class="etymwb-gramgrp"><abbr title="" data-toggle="tooltip" data-original-title="Maskulinum">|</abbr> </span></span>meist in Mrz., in der Seemannssprache Maßeinheit für die Schiffsgeschwindigkeit (Seemeilen pro Stunde), entlehnt (Anfang 18. Jh.) aus gleichbed. <abbr title="" data-toggle="tooltip" data-original-title="englisch">engl.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">knot</span>'', Plur. ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">knots</span>'', eigentlich die ''Knoten'' in der Logleine zum Messen der Fahrgeschwindigkeit.<p>From <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_High_German Middle High German]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="gmh">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/knote#Middle_High_German knote]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="gmh">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/knode#Middle_High_German knode]</em>, from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_High_German Old High German]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="goh">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/knoto#Old_High_German knoto]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="goh">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/knodo#Old_High_German knodo]</em>. The two forms are probably variants based on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatischer_Wechsel Grammatischer Wechsel]. The form with ''-t-'' (from Proto-Germanic ''*-d-'') was predominant in [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/East_Central_German East Central German], that with ''-d-'' (from Proto-Germanic ''*-þ-'') in [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Upper_German Upper German]. Incidentally, this situation explains the lengthened vowel in the standardized form (lengthening being blocked before ''-t-'' in Upper German, but not in Central German). Neither German form can be derived directly from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language Proto-Germanic]</span> <em class="Latnx mention" lang="gem-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/knutt%C3%B4 *knuttô]</em>, whence <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_High_German Middle High German]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="gmh">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=knotze&action=edit&redlink=1 knotze]</em> and <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language English]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="en">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/knot#English knot]</em>, though a relation is very likely.</p><p>The senses “journeyman”, “person (of some quality)” are probably due, at least in part, to conflation with <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Low_German Middle Low German]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="gml">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/genote#Middle_Low_German genôte]</em><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">mate, companion</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, cognate of <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_language German]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="de">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Genosse#German Genosse]</em>. Alongside, there is a common tendency of referring to people, especially children, with words for thick, plump, or inflated objects (compare e.g. <em class="Latn mention" lang="de">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Balg#German Balg]</em>).</p> | ||
Version vom 15. Dezember 2023, 18:19 Uhr
knoten | meist in Mrz., in der Seemannssprache Maßeinheit für die Schiffsgeschwindigkeit (Seemeilen pro Stunde), entlehnt (Anfang 18. Jh.) aus gleichbed. engl. knot, Plur. knots, eigentlich die Knoten in der Logleine zum Messen der Fahrgeschwindigkeit.
From Middle High German knote, knode, from Old High German knoto, knodo. The two forms are probably variants based on Grammatischer Wechsel. The form with -t- (from Proto-Germanic *-d-) was predominant in East Central German, that with -d- (from Proto-Germanic *-þ-) in Upper German. Incidentally, this situation explains the lengthened vowel in the standardized form (lengthening being blocked before -t- in Upper German, but not in Central German). Neither German form can be derived directly from Proto-Germanic *knuttô, whence Middle High German knotze and English knot, though a relation is very likely.
The senses “journeyman”, “person (of some quality)” are probably due, at least in part, to conflation with Middle Low German genôte(“mate, companion”), cognate of German Genosse. Alongside, there is a common tendency of referring to people, especially children, with words for thick, plump, or inflated objects (compare e.g. Balg).