„retten“ – Versionsunterschied

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Aktuelle Version vom 5. Oktober 2025, 18:04 Uhr

rett -en; ‘aus Gefahr befreien, in Sicherheit bringen, bewahren’; Grundbedeutung ‘von der Gefahr wegstoßen, losrütteln’.

¦√¦ uig. *kret- “schütteln”; *hradaz “schnell” +‎ *-janą;

retten Vb. ‘aus Gefahr befreien, in Sicherheit bringen, bewahren’,

Herkunft ungeklärt.

ahd. (h)retten ‘erretten, befreien’ (9. Jh.),
mhd. retten ‘einem Übel entreißen, befreien, löschen (Feuer, Brand)’,
asächs. āhreddian ‘erretten’,
mnd. redden,
mnl. nl. redden ‘retten, erretten, helfen’,
afries. hredda,
aengl. hreddan, auch ‘fortnehmen’.
uger. *hradjaną
uwger. *hradjan

Man versucht, wenn auch nicht ohne Bedenken, das nur westgerm. bezeugte Verb *hradjan mit der Wortgruppe um gerade² zu verbinden, vgl.

lit. krė͂sti ‘schütteln, schüttelnd streuen, rütteln’, kretė́ti ‘zittern, schlottern’, mir. crothaim ‘ich schüttele’,
ahd. redan (9. Jh.),
mhd. reden ‘durch das Sieb schütteln, sieben, sichten’
(germ. *hreþan),
ahd. (h)rad, gi(h)radi ‘rasch, schnell’ (8. Jh.),

und an dort genanntes

ie. *kret- ‘schütteln, sich rasch bewegen’,
- Erweiterung der Wurzel ie. *(s)ker- ‘drehen, biegen, kreisend bewegen’,
anzuschließen.
In diesem Falle müßte für retten von einer Grundbedeutung ‘von der Gefahr wegstoßen’ ausgegangen werden.
From Middle High German retten, from Old High German hretten or retten, from Proto-West Germanic *hraddjan, from Proto-Germanic *hradjaną (“to save, rescue”). Cognate with Dutch redden, English redd and rid, Polish ratować. More at redd, rid.
From Proto-Indo-European *kret- (“to shake, jostle”). Equivalent to *hradaz (“fast”) +‎ *-janą.

@@ Zeile 1: / Zeile 1: @@
-<p style="text-align: justify;" >¦∑¦ [[rett]] + [[-en]];</p><p style="text-align: justify;" >¦∅¦ ‘aus Gefahr befreien, in Sicherheit bringen, bewahren’; Grundbedeutung ‘von der Gefahr wegstoßen, losrütteln’.</p>
+<p style="text-align: justify;" >[[rett]][[-en]]; ‘aus Gefahr befreien, in Sicherheit bringen, bewahren’; Grundbedeutung ‘von der Gefahr wegstoßen, losrütteln’.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">¦√¦ uig. <em class="Latinx mention" lang="ine-pro">[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kret-|*kret-]]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">schütteln</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">;</span> <em class="Latinx mention" lang="gem-pro">[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hradaz|*hradaz]]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">schnell</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span> +‎ <em class="Latinx mention" lang="gem-pro">[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-janą|*-janą]]</em>;</p>retten Vb. ‘aus Gefahr befreien, in Sicherheit bringen, bewahren’,
-gerettet,errettet,rette,rettete,<p style="text-align: justify;" >¦√¦ uig. <em class="Latinx mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kret- *kret-]</em>&nbsp;<span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">schütteln</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">;</span> <em class="Latinx mention" lang="gem-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hradaz *hradaz]</em>&nbsp;<span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">schnell</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span>&nbsp;+‎ <em class="Latinx mention" lang="gem-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-jan%C4%85 *-janą]</em>;</p><p style="text-align: justify;" >¦↵¦ Herkunft ungeklärt.; uwger. <span class="etymwb-mentioned">*''hradjan ?''</span>; <abbr title="althochdeutsch">hd.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">(h)retten</span>'' ‘erretten, befreien’ (9. Jh.), <abbr title="mittelhochdeutsch">mhd.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">retten </span>''‘einem Übel entreißen, befreien, löschen (Feuer, Brand)’, <abbr title="altsächsisch">asächs.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">āhreddian</span>'' ‘erretten’, <abbr title="mittelniederdeutsch">mnd.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">redden</span>'', <abbr title="mittelniederländisch">mnl.</abbr> <abbr title="niederländisch">nl.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">redden </span>''‘retten, erretten, helfen’, <abbr title="altfriesisch">afries.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">hredda</span>'', <abbr title="altenglisch">aengl.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">hreddan</span>'', auch ‘fortnehmen’.&nbsp;<br></p><p style="text-align: justify;" >¦↵¦ uger. <em class="Latinx mention" lang="gem-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hradjan%C4%85 *hradjaną]</em>; uwger. <span class="etymwb-mentioned">*''hradjan''</span> mit der Wortgruppe um ↗[https://www.dwds.de/wb/etymwb/gerade gerade<sup>2</sup>]; germ. *<span class="etymwb-mentioned">''hreþan <abbr title="althochdeutsch">ahd.</abbr> (h)rad, gi(h)radi ‘rasch, schnell’ (8. Jh.), und an dort genanntes <abbr title="indoeuropäisch">ie.</abbr> *kret- ‘schütteln, sich rasch bewegen’, Erweiterung der Wurzel <abbr title="indoeuropäisch">ie.</abbr> *(s)ker- ‘drehen, biegen, kreisend bewegen’,''</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;" >¦↵¦&nbsp;<abbr title="althochdeutsch">ahd.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">redan</span>'' (9. Jh.), <abbr title="mittelhochdeutsch">mhd.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">reden</span>'' ‘durch das Sieb schütteln, sieben, sichten’</p><hr><p style="text-align: justify;" ></p><p style="text-align: justify;" ><span class="etymwb-headword">'''<span class="etymwb-orth">retten</span>''' <span class="etymwb-gramgrp">Vb. </span></span>‘aus Gefahr befreien, in Sicherheit bringen, bewahren’, <abbr title="althochdeutsch">ahd.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">(h)retten</span>'' ‘erretten, befreien’ (9. Jh.), <abbr title="mittelhochdeutsch">mhd.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">retten </span>''‘einem Übel entreißen, befreien, löschen (Feuer, Brand)’, <abbr title="altsächsisch">asächs.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">āhreddian</span>'' ‘erretten’, <abbr title="mittelniederdeutsch">mnd.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">redden</span>'', <abbr title="mittelniederländisch">mnl.</abbr> <abbr title="niederländisch">nl.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">redden </span>''‘retten, erretten, helfen’, <abbr title="altfriesisch">afries.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">hredda</span>'', <abbr title="altenglisch">aengl.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">hreddan</span>'', auch ‘fortnehmen’. Herkunft ungeklärt. Man versucht, wenn auch nicht ohne Bedenken, das nur <abbr title="westgermanisch">westgerm.</abbr> bezeugte Verb <span class="etymwb-mentioned">*''hradjan''</span> mit der Wortgruppe um ↗[https://www.dwds.de/wb/etymwb/gerade gerade<sup>2</sup>] (s. d.) zu verbinden, vgl. <abbr title="litauisch">lit.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">krė͂sti</span>'' ‘schütteln, schüttelnd streuen, rütteln’, ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">kretė́ti</span>'' ‘zittern, schlottern’, <abbr title="mittelirisch">mir.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">crothaim</span>'' ‘ich schüttele’, <abbr title="althochdeutsch">ahd.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">redan</span>'' (9. Jh.), <abbr title="mittelhochdeutsch">mhd.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">reden</span>'' ‘durch das Sieb schütteln, sieben, sichten’ (<abbr title="germanisch">germ.</abbr> <span class="etymwb-mentioned">*''hreþan''</span>), <abbr title="althochdeutsch">ahd.</abbr> ''<span class="etymwb-mentioned">(h)rad</span>, <span class="etymwb-mentioned">gi(h)radi</span>'' ‘rasch, schnell’ (8. Jh.), und an dort genanntes <abbr title="indoeuropäisch">ie.</abbr> <span class="etymwb-mentioned">*''kret''-</span> ‘schütteln, sich rasch bewegen’, Erweiterung der Wurzel <abbr title="indoeuropäisch">ie.</abbr> <span class="etymwb-mentioned">*''(s)ker-''</span> ‘drehen, biegen, kreisend bewegen’, anzuschließen. In diesem Falle müßte für <span class="etymwb-mentioned">retten</span> von einer Grundbedeutung ‘von der Gefahr wegstoßen’ ausgegangen werden. <span class="etymwb-headword"><span class="etymwb-orth">Retter</span> <span class="etymwb-gramgrp">m. </span></span>‘wer etw., jmdn. rettet’, <abbr title="spätmittelhochdeutsch">spätmhd.</abbr> <span class="etymwb-mentioned">rettære</span>. <span class="etymwb-headword"><span class="etymwb-orth">Rettung</span> <span class="etymwb-gramgrp">f. </span></span>‘Hilfe, Befreiung aus Gefahr’, <abbr title="mittelhochdeutsch">mhd.</abbr> <span class="etymwb-mentioned">rettunge</span>.</p><hr><p style="text-align: justify;" >From <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_High_German Middle High German]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="gmh">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/retten#Middle_High_German retten]</em>, from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_High_German Old High German]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="goh">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=hretten&action=edit&redlink=1 hretten]</em> or <em class="Latn mention" lang="goh">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/retten#Old_High_German retten]</em>, from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-West_Germanic_language Proto-West Germanic]</span> <em class="Latinx mention" lang="gmw-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-West_Germanic/hraddjan *hraddjan]</em>, from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language Proto-Germanic]</span> <em class="Latinx mention" lang="gem-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hradjan%C4%85 *hradjaną]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to save, rescue</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Cognate with <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_language Dutch]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="nl">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/redden#Dutch redden]</em>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language English]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="en">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/redd#English redd]</em> and <em class="Latn mention" lang="en">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rid#English rid]</em>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_language Polish]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="pl">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ratowa%C4%87#Polish ratować]</em>. More at <span class="Latn" lang="en">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/redd#English redd]</span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rid#English rid]</span>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;" >From <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language Proto-Indo-European]</span> <em class="Latinx mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kret- *kret-]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to shake, jostle</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Equivalent to <em class="Latinx mention" lang="gem-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hradaz *hradaz]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">fast</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> +‎ <em class="Latinx mention" lang="gem-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-jan%C4%85 *-janą]</em>.</p>
+Herkunft ungeklärt.
+* ahd. (h)retten ‘erretten, befreien’ (9. Jh.),
+* mhd. retten ‘einem Übel entreißen, befreien, löschen (Feuer, Brand)’,
+* asächs. āhreddian ‘erretten’,
+* mnd. redden,
+* mnl. nl. redden ‘retten, erretten, helfen’,
+* afries. hredda,
+* aengl. hreddan, auch ‘fortnehmen’.
+* uger. <em class="Latinx mention" lang="gem-pro">[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hradjaną|*hradjaną]]</em>
+* uwger. <span class="etymwb-mentioned">*''hradjan''</span>
+Man versucht, wenn auch nicht ohne Bedenken, das nur westgerm. bezeugte Verb *hradjan mit der Wortgruppe um gerade<sup>2</sup> zu verbinden, vgl.
+* lit. krė͂sti ‘schütteln, schüttelnd streuen, rütteln’, kretė́ti ‘zittern, schlottern’, mir. crothaim ‘ich schüttele’,
+* ahd. redan (9. Jh.),
+* mhd. reden ‘durch das Sieb schütteln, sieben, sichten’
+* (germ. *hreþan),
+* ahd. (h)rad, gi(h)radi ‘rasch, schnell’ (8. Jh.),
+und an dort genanntes
+* ie. *kret- ‘schütteln, sich rasch bewegen’,
+** Erweiterung der Wurzel ie. *(s)ker- ‘drehen, biegen, kreisend bewegen’,
+* anzuschließen.
+* In diesem Falle müßte für retten von einer Grundbedeutung ‘von der Gefahr wegstoßen’ ausgegangen werden. <hr><p style="text-align: justify;" >From <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_High_German Middle High German]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="gmh">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/retten#Middle_High_German retten]</em>, from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_High_German Old High German]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="goh">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=hretten&action=edit&redlink=1 hretten]</em> or <em class="Latn mention" lang="goh">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/retten#Old_High_German retten]</em>, from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-West_Germanic_language Proto-West Germanic]</span> <em class="Latinx mention" lang="gmw-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-West_Germanic/hraddjan *hraddjan]</em>, from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language Proto-Germanic]</span> <em class="Latinx mention" lang="gem-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hradjan%C4%85 *hradjaną]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to save, rescue</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Cognate with <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_language Dutch]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="nl">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/redden#Dutch redden]</em>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language English]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="en">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/redd#English redd]</em> and <em class="Latn mention" lang="en">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rid#English rid]</em>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_language Polish]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="pl">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ratowa%C4%87#Polish ratować]</em>. More at [[wikt:redd#English|redd]], [[wikt:rid#English|rid]].</p><p style="text-align: justify;" >From <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language Proto-Indo-European]</span> <em class="Latinx mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kret- *kret-]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to shake, jostle</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Equivalent to <em class="Latinx mention" lang="gem-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hradaz *hradaz]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">fast</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> +‎ <em class="Latinx mention" lang="gem-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-jan%C4%85 *-janą]</em>.</p>

Nikolaos (Diskussion | Beiträge)

Aktuelle Version vom 5. Oktober 2025, 18:04 Uhr