„gradus“ – Versionsunterschied

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Version vom 2. März 2024, 12:58 Uhr

grad--us Vorlage:lat. ‘Schritt, Stufe, Abstufung, Rang’

From Proto-Italic *graðus, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *gręsti (Old Church Slavonic грѧсти (gręsti)), Lithuanian gridyti, Proto-Germanic *gridiz (Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌳𐍃 (grids)), Old High German crit). The expected form would be *radus.

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡra.dus/, [ˈɡräd̪ʊs̠]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡra.dus/, [ˈɡräːd̪us]

Noun

gradus m (genitive gradūs); fourth declension

a step, pace
a stage, degree
a rank [ synonyms ▲]
Synonyms: ōrdō, classis, sors
(by extension) a position, station, ground
firm position, stand
a step, stair, rung of a ladder
a braid of hair
(mathematics) degree [ quotations ▼]

Declension

Archaic genitive singular graduis is occasionally found.

Fourth-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	gradus	gradūs
Genitive	gradūs	graduum
Dative	graduī	gradibus
Accusative	gradum	gradūs
Ablative	gradū	gradibus
Vocative	gradus	gradūs

@@ Zeile 1: / Zeile 1: @@
-[[grad-]][[-us]] {{lat.}} ‘[[Schritt]], [[Stufe]], [[Abstufung]], [[Rang]]’
+[[grad-]][[-us]] {{lat.}} ‘[[Schritt]], [[Stufe]], [[Abstufung]], [[Rang]]’<p>From <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Italic_language Proto-Italic]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/gra%C3%B0us&action=edit&redlink=1 *graðus]</em>, from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language Proto-Indo-European]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/g%CA%B0red%CA%B0-&action=edit&redlink=1 *gʰredʰ-]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to walk, go</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Cognate with <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Slavic_language Proto-Slavic]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gr%C4%99sti *gręsti]</em> (<span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonic Old Church Slavonic]</span> <em class="Cyrs mention" lang="cu">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%A7%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8#Old_Church_Slavonic грѧсти]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="cu-Latn">gręsti</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>), <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuanian_language Lithuanian]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="lt">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=gridyti&action=edit&redlink=1 gridyti]</em>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language Proto-Germanic]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gridiz *gridiz]</em> (<span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_language Gothic]</span> <em class="Goth mention" lang="got">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8D%83&action=edit&redlink=1 𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌳𐍃]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="got-Latn">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/grids#Gothic grids]</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>), <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_High_German Old High German]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="goh">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/crit#Old_High_German crit]</em>). The expected form would be <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">*radus</em>.</p>
+=== <span id="Pronunciation_2">Pronunciation</span> ===
+*<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Latin Classical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈɡra.dus/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈɡräd̪ʊs̠]</span>
+*<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_phonology_and_orthography#Ecclesiastical_pronunciation modern Italianate Ecclesiastical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈɡra.dus/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈɡräːd̪us]</span>
+=== <span id="Noun_3">Noun</span> ===
+<p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="la">gradus</strong>&nbsp;<span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></span> (''genitive'' <strong class="Latn" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">gradūs</strong></strong>)</span>; ''[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_fourth_declension fourth declension]''</p>
+#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/step#English step], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pace#English pace]
+#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/stage#English stage], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/degree#English degree]
+#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rank#English rank] <span class="nyms-toggle">[ synonyms ▲]</span>
+#:<span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonyms:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ordo#Latin ōrdō]</span>, <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/classis#Latin classis]</span>, <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sors#Latin sors]</span></span>
+#<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">by extension</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/position#English position], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/station#English station], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ground#English ground]
+#[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/firm#English firm] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/position#English position], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/stand#English stand]
+#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/step#English step], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/stair#English stair], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rung#English rung] of a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ladder#English ladder]
+#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/braid#English braid] of [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hair#English hair]
+#<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mathematics#English mathematics]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/degree#English degree] <span class="HQToggle">[ quotations ▼]</span>
+==== <span id="Declension">Declension</span> ====
+*Archaic genitive singular ''graduis'' is occasionally found.
+<p>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_fourth_declension Fourth-declension] noun.</p>
+{| class="wikitable inflection-table inflection-table-la"
+|-
+! class="corner-header" | Case
+! class="number-header" | Singular
+! class="number-header" | Plural
+|-
+! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nominative_case Nominative]
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|s-form-of origin-gradus" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">gradus</strong></span>
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|p-form-of origin-gradus" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">gradūs</strong></span>
+|-
+! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/genitive_case Genitive]
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|s-form-of origin-gradus" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">gradūs</strong></span>
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|p-form-of origin-gradus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/graduum#Latin graduum]</span>
+|-
+! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dative_case Dative]
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|s-form-of origin-gradus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gradui#Latin graduī]</span>
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|p-form-of origin-gradus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gradibus#Latin gradibus]</span>
+|-
+! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/accusative_case Accusative]
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|s-form-of origin-gradus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gradum#Latin gradum]</span>
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|p-form-of origin-gradus" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">gradūs</strong></span>
+|-
+! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ablative_case Ablative]
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|s-form-of origin-gradus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gradu#Latin gradū]</span>
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|p-form-of origin-gradus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gradibus#Latin gradibus]</span>
+|-
+! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vocative_case Vocative]
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|s-form-of origin-gradus" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">gradus</strong></span>
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|p-form-of origin-gradus" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">gradūs</strong></span>
+|}

Nikolaos (Diskussion | Beiträge)

Version vom 2. März 2024, 12:58 Uhr

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension