„possum“ – Versionsunterschied
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[[pos-]][[-sum]] {{lat.}} '[[kann]] ich, [[fähig]] zu bin ich, [[vermag]] ich' | |||
Aus uital. *possom, aus <em class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/potis|*potis]]</em> „Meister, der die Kontrolle über“ + <em class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/som|*som]]</em> „Ich bin“. Vwndt. sind unter anderem Oscan <em class="Latn mention" lang="osc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=p%C3%BAttiad&action=edit&redlink=1 púttiad]</em> „sie können“ und <span class="etyl">[[wikipedia:South_Picene_language|South Picene]]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="spx">[[wikt:puti#South_Picene|puti]]</em> „Ich könnte“. | |||
=== <span id="Pronunciation_2">Pronunciation</span> === | === <span id="Pronunciation_2">Pronunciation</span> === | ||
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*<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_phonology_and_orthography#Ecclesiastical_pronunciation modern Italianate Ecclesiastical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈpos.sum/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈpɔsːum]</span> | *<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_phonology_and_orthography#Ecclesiastical_pronunciation modern Italianate Ecclesiastical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈpos.sum/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈpɔsːum]</span> | ||
=== | === Verb === | ||
possum (Präsens Infinitiv ''posse'', Perfekt Aktiv ''potuī''); unregelmäßige Konjugation, unregelmäßig, kein Passiv | |||
# | |||
#: | # fähig, kann, mag, vermag | ||
# | #* Synonyme: polleō, queō, valeō, praevaleō, vigeō | ||
# | #* Antonym: nequeō | ||
# | #* Tunc, modo edere non potuit – Zu dieser Zeit konnte er einfach nicht essen | ||
# | #* Possum Latine loqui – Ich kann Latein sprechen | ||
#* Potesne mihi succurere, quaeso? - Kannst du mir bitte helfen? | |||
==== <span id="Conjugation">Conjugation</span> ==== | ==== <span id="Conjugation">Conjugation</span> ==== | ||
<p>This verb is irregular, but synchronously resembles <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sum#Latin sum]</em> prefixed with ''pot-''. Several contractions and simplifications occur, however, namely: -ts- → -ss-, -tf- → -t-, -tess- → -ss- (note that <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/potens#Latin potēns]</em> does not originate from non-existent ''*fēns'').</p><p>However, while this analysis works synchronically, diachronically, this relationship does not reflect a cognate historical relationship in all cases. For example, Osco-Umbrian forms confirm that a Proto-Italic verb <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Italic_language Proto-Italic]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/pote%C5%8D *poteō]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to be master</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> (stem ''*pot-ē-'') must also be reconstructed that, although lost in Latin otherwise, appears to have been the ultimate historical source of ''potuī'' and ''potēns''.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/possum#cite_note-3 [1]]</sup></p><p>In Vulgar Latin, the first person singular is changed to <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[ | <p>This verb is irregular, but synchronously resembles <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sum#Latin sum]</em> prefixed with ''pot-''. Several contractions and simplifications occur, however, namely: -ts- → -ss-, -tf- → -t-, -tess- → -ss- (note that <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/potens#Latin potēns]</em> does not originate from non-existent ''*fēns'').</p><p>However, while this analysis works synchronically, diachronically, this relationship does not reflect a cognate historical relationship in all cases. For example, Osco-Umbrian forms confirm that a Proto-Italic verb <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Italic_language Proto-Italic]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/pote%C5%8D *poteō]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to be master</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> (stem ''*pot-ē-'') must also be reconstructed that, although lost in Latin otherwise, appears to have been the ultimate historical source of ''potuī'' and ''potēns''.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/possum#cite_note-3 [1]]</sup></p><p>In Vulgar Latin, the first person singular is changed to <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[possō]]</em> (causing the verb to be treated like a third conjugation verb (base poss-) in the present subjunctive (''*possam'', ''*possās'')), while the third person plural (''eī''/''eae''/''ea'') ''possunt'' was preserved as such, though the rest of the verb became the second conjugation verb ''potēre'' ((''tu'') ''*potēs'', (''is''/''ea''/''id'') ''*potet'', (''nōs'') ''*potēmus'' and (''vōs'') ''*potētis''), based on forms like ''potuī'' and ''potēns'', just like ''velle'' (infinitive of <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/volo#Latin volō]</em>) was reformed to ''*volēre'' after forms like ''voluī'' and ''volēns''.</p> | ||
Version vom 2. März 2024, 16:14 Uhr
pos--sum Vorlage:lat. 'kann ich, fähig zu bin ich, vermag ich'
Aus uital. *possom, aus *potis „Meister, der die Kontrolle über“ + *som „Ich bin“. Vwndt. sind unter anderem Oscan púttiad „sie können“ und South Picene puti „Ich könnte“.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpos.sum/, [ˈpɔs̠ːʊ̃ˑ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpos.sum/, [ˈpɔsːum]
Verb
possum (Präsens Infinitiv posse, Perfekt Aktiv potuī); unregelmäßige Konjugation, unregelmäßig, kein Passiv
- fähig, kann, mag, vermag
- Synonyme: polleō, queō, valeō, praevaleō, vigeō
- Antonym: nequeō
- Tunc, modo edere non potuit – Zu dieser Zeit konnte er einfach nicht essen
- Possum Latine loqui – Ich kann Latein sprechen
- Potesne mihi succurere, quaeso? - Kannst du mir bitte helfen?
Conjugation
This verb is irregular, but synchronously resembles sum prefixed with pot-. Several contractions and simplifications occur, however, namely: -ts- → -ss-, -tf- → -t-, -tess- → -ss- (note that potēns does not originate from non-existent *fēns).
However, while this analysis works synchronically, diachronically, this relationship does not reflect a cognate historical relationship in all cases. For example, Osco-Umbrian forms confirm that a Proto-Italic verb Proto-Italic *poteō (“to be master”) (stem *pot-ē-) must also be reconstructed that, although lost in Latin otherwise, appears to have been the ultimate historical source of potuī and potēns.[1]
In Vulgar Latin, the first person singular is changed to possō (causing the verb to be treated like a third conjugation verb (base poss-) in the present subjunctive (*possam, *possās)), while the third person plural (eī/eae/ea) possunt was preserved as such, though the rest of the verb became the second conjugation verb potēre ((tu) *potēs, (is/ea/id) *potet, (nōs) *potēmus and (vōs) *potētis), based on forms like potuī and potēns, just like velle (infinitive of volō) was reformed to *volēre after forms like voluī and volēns.