„claudus“ – Versionsunterschied
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Von einer Erweiterung von *[[kelh₂-]] „schlagen, schneiden“, die zu Ableitungen mit der Bedeutung „gebrochen oder abgeschnitten“ führt, siehe auch Russisch <em class="Cyrl mention" lang="ru">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1 колдыка]</em> (koldyka, „lahm“) und Altgriechisch [[κολοβός]] ([[kolobós]], „beschnitten, gebrochen“) ); Die Wurzel ist auch die ultimative Quelle des englischen <em class="Latn mention" lang="en">[[wikt:halt#English|halt]]</em>. | Von einer Erweiterung von *[[kelh₂-]] „schlagen, schneiden“, die zu Ableitungen mit der Bedeutung „gebrochen oder abgeschnitten“ führt, siehe auch Russisch <em class="Cyrl mention" lang="ru">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1 колдыка]</em> (koldyka, „lahm“) und Altgriechisch [[κολοβός]] ([[kolobós]], „beschnitten, gebrochen“) ); Die Wurzel ist auch die ultimative Quelle des englischen <em class="Latn mention" lang="en">[[wikt:halt#English|halt]]</em>. | ||
<span | <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Low_German Middle Low German]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="gml">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hal#Middle_Low_German hāl]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">hidden</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> and <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_High_German Old High German]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="goh">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hali#Old_High_German hāli]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">smooth, slippery, weak</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Further etymology unsure. Maybe from the Proto-Indo-European root <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/%E1%B8%B1el- *ḱel-]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to hide</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> (cf. Proto-Germanic <em class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/helan%C4%85 *helaną]</em><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to conceal, hide</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>), or from <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/%E1%B8%B1elH-&action=edit&redlink=1 *ḱelH-]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to freeze</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, or from <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kel- *kel-]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to incline</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. | ||
<span id="Alternative_forms">Alternative forms</span> <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=cludus&action=edit&redlink=1 clūdus]</span>, <span class="Latn" lang="la">[[wikt:clodus#Latin|clōdus]]</span> | |||
Adjektiv | Adjektiv | ||
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# hinkend, stockend, lahm, verkrüppelt | # hinkend, stockend, lahm, verkrüppelt | ||
## Synonym: <span class="nyms synonym"><span | ## Synonym: <span class="nyms synonym"><span class="Latn" lang="la">[[wikt:debilis#Latin|dēbilis]]</span></span> | ||
# (bildlich, selten, meist poetisch) schwankend, unvollkommen, mangelhaft | # (bildlich, selten, meist poetisch) schwankend, unvollkommen, mangelhaft | ||
# (im übertragenen Sinne) zögernd, schwankend, unsicher, nicht vertrauenswürdig | # (im übertragenen Sinne) zögernd, schwankend, unsicher, nicht vertrauenswürdig | ||
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==== <span id="Inflection">Inflection</span> ==== | ==== <span id="Inflection">Inflection</span> ==== | ||
<p>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_first_declension First]/[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_second_declension second-declension] adjective.</p> | <p>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_first_declension First]/[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_second_declension second-declension] adjective.</p> | ||
{| class="prettytable inflection-table inflection-table-la" | {| class="prettytable inflection-table inflection-table-la" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Number | ! Number | ||
! colspan="3" | Singular | ! colspan="3" | Singular | ||
| rowspan="2" | | | rowspan="2" | | ||
<br> | |||
! colspan="3" | Plural | ! colspan="3" | Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Case / Gender | ! Case / Gender | ||
! Masculine | ! Masculine | ||
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! Feminine | ! Feminine | ||
! Neuter | ! Neuter | ||
|- | |- | ||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nominative_case Nominative] | ! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nominative_case Nominative] | ||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|m|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">claudus</strong></span> | | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|m|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">claudus</strong></span> | ||
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| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|n|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudum#Latin claudum]</span> | | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|n|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudum#Latin claudum]</span> | ||
| rowspan="6" | | | rowspan="6" | | ||
<br> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|m|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudi#Latin claudī]</span> | | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|m|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudi#Latin claudī]</span> | ||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|f|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudae#Latin claudae]</span> | | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|f|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudae#Latin claudae]</span> | ||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|n|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/clauda#Latin clauda]</span> | | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|n|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/clauda#Latin clauda]</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/genitive_case Genitive] | ! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/genitive_case Genitive] | ||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|m|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudi#Latin claudī]</span> | | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|m|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudi#Latin claudī]</span> | ||
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| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|f|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudarum#Latin claudārum]</span> | | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|f|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudarum#Latin claudārum]</span> | ||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|n|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudorum#Latin claudōrum]</span> | | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|n|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudorum#Latin claudōrum]</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dative_case Dative] | ! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dative_case Dative] | ||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|m|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudo#Latin claudō]</span> | | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|m|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudo#Latin claudō]</span> | ||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|n|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudo#Latin claudō]</span> | | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|n|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudo#Latin claudō]</span> | ||
| colspan="3" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|m|p|;|dat|f|p|;|dat|n|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudis#Latin claudīs]</span> | | colspan="3" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|m|p|;|dat|f|p|;|dat|n|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudis#Latin claudīs]</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/accusative_case Accusative] | ! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/accusative_case Accusative] | ||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|m|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudum#Latin claudum]</span> | | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|m|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudum#Latin claudum]</span> | ||
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| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|f|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudas#Latin claudās]</span> | | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|f|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudas#Latin claudās]</span> | ||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|n|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/clauda#Latin clauda]</span> | | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|n|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/clauda#Latin clauda]</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ablative_case Ablative] | ! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ablative_case Ablative] | ||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|m|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudo#Latin claudō]</span> | | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|m|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudo#Latin claudō]</span> | ||
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| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|n|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudo#Latin claudō]</span> | | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|n|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudo#Latin claudō]</span> | ||
| colspan="3" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|m|p|;|abl|f|p|;|abl|n|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudis#Latin claudīs]</span> | | colspan="3" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|m|p|;|abl|f|p|;|abl|n|p-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claudis#Latin claudīs]</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vocative_case Vocative] | ! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vocative_case Vocative] | ||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|m|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claude#Latin claude]</span> | | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|m|s-form-of origin-claudus" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/claude#Latin claude]</span> | ||
Version vom 19. März 2024, 06:09 Uhr
claudus
Von einer Erweiterung von *kelh₂- „schlagen, schneiden“, die zu Ableitungen mit der Bedeutung „gebrochen oder abgeschnitten“ führt, siehe auch Russisch колдыка (koldyka, „lahm“) und Altgriechisch κολοβός (kolobós, „beschnitten, gebrochen“) ); Die Wurzel ist auch die ultimative Quelle des englischen halt.
Middle Low German hāl (“hidden”) and Old High German hāli (“smooth, slippery, weak”). Further etymology unsure. Maybe from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱel- (“to hide”) (cf. Proto-Germanic *helaną(“to conceal, hide”)), or from *ḱelH- (“to freeze”), or from *kel- (“to incline”). Alternative forms clūdus, clōdus
Adjektiv
claudus (weibliches clauda, Neutrum claudum); Adjektiv der ersten/zweiten Deklination
- hinkend, stockend, lahm, verkrüppelt
- Synonym: dēbilis
- (bildlich, selten, meist poetisch) schwankend, unvollkommen, mangelhaft
- (im übertragenen Sinne) zögernd, schwankend, unsicher, nicht vertrauenswürdig
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈklau̯.dus/, [ˈkɫ̪äu̯d̪ʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈklau̯.dus/, [ˈkläːu̯d̪us]
Inflection
First/second-declension adjective.
| Number | Singular |
|
Plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | claudus | clauda | claudum |
|
claudī | claudae | clauda |
| Genitive | claudī | claudae | claudī | claudōrum | claudārum | claudōrum | |
| Dative | claudō | claudō | claudīs | ||||
| Accusative | claudum | claudam | claudum | claudōs | claudās | clauda | |
| Ablative | claudō | claudā | claudō | claudīs | |||
| Vocative | claude | clauda | claudum | claudī | claudae | clauda | |