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| <p>From <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%86%CF%89#Ancient_Greek γράφω]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">gráphō</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">I write</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> + <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-%CE%BC%CE%B1#Ancient_Greek -μα]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">-ma</span>, <span class="ann-pos">result noun suffix</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>.</p><p>About its weight meaning there are two theories:</p>
| | grámma {{agrie.}} <span class="headword-line">γράμμα 'Geschriebene, [[Schrift]]'</span> |
| *It was taken from Latin <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/scrupulus#Latin scrūpulus]</em>, which in its meaning, "smallest division of weight", was more frequently written <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/scrupulum#Latin scrūpulum]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=scripulum&action=edit&redlink=1 scrīpulum]</em>, and by some fancied derivation from <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/scriptum#Latin scrīptum]</em> was written <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=scriptulum&action=edit&redlink=1 scrīptulum]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=scriptlum&action=edit&redlink=1 scrīptlum]</em>. Hence it was later translated in Ancient Greek as γράμμα from <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%86%CF%89#Ancient_Greek γράφω]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">gráphō</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to write</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, as <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=scriptulum&action=edit&redlink=1 scrīptulum]</em> from <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/scribo#Latin scrībō]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to write</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1#cite_note-1 [1]]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1#cite_note-2 [2]]</sup>
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| *It was a <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semitic_languages Semitic]</span> borrowing, with the measure tallied to the stones or pits of small fruits, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Palestinian_Aramaic Jewish Palestinian Aramaic]</span> <em class="Hebr mention" lang="arc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D&action=edit&redlink=1 גרוֹם]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="arc-Latn">grūm</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">kernel</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriac_language Classical Syriac]</span> <em class="Syrc mention" lang="syc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%DC%93%DC%AA%DC%98%DC%A1%DC%90&action=edit&redlink=1 ܓܪܽܘܡܳܐ]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="syc-Latn">grūmā</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">bone; kernel, stone, pit</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic Arabic]</span> <em class="Arab mention" lang="ar">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85&action=edit&redlink=1 جَرَام]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="ar-Latn">jarām</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">date-stone</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, related to the common <em class="Hebr mention" lang="arc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%90#Aramaic גַּרְמָא]</em> / <em class="Syrc mention" lang="syc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%DC%93%DC%AA%DC%A1%DC%90#Classical_Syriac ܓܰܪܡܳܐ]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="syc-Latn">garmā</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">bone; kernel, stone, pit</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>.
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| === <span id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</span> ===
| | Von γράφω ''[[gráphō]]'', „Ich schreibe“ + -μα [[-ma]], Ergebnissubstantivsuffix). |
| <div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"><span class="vsToggleElement"><span class="NavToggle">[ more ▼]</span> </span><div class="vsShow">
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| *[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek_phonology key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ɡrám.ma/</span> → <span class="IPA">/ˈɣram.ma/</span> → <span class="IPA">/ˈɣra.ma/</span>
| | <span id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</span> [[wikt:Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet|IPA]]<sup>([[wikipedia:Ancient_Greek_phonology|key]])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ɡrám.ma/</span> → <span class="IPA">/ˈɣram.ma/</span> → <span class="IPA">/ˈɣra.ma/</span> |
| </div></div>
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| === <span id="Noun">Noun</span> === | | === Substantiv === |
| <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Polyt headword" lang="grc">γράμμα</strong> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Ancient_Greek_transliteration •] (<span class="headword-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr" lang="grc-Latn">grámma</span>) <span class="gender"><abbr title="neuter gender">n</abbr></span> (''genitive'' <strong class="Polyt" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82#Ancient_Greek γράμματος]</strong>)</span>; ''[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Ancient_Greek_third_declension third declension]''</p>
| | γράμμα • (grámma) n (Genitiv γράμματος); dritte Deklination |
| #that which is written, that which is drawn, [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/picture#English picture] | | |
| #[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/letter#English letter] | | # das Geschriebene, das Gezeichnete, Bild |
| #<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">in the [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#plural plural]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/alphabet#English alphabet] | | # Brief |
| #[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/writing#English writing], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/book#English book]
| | # (im Plural) Alphabet |
| #a kind of [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/small#English small] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/weight#English weight], 1/24 of an [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ounce#English ounce], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/scruple#English scruple]
| | # Schreiben, Buch |
| | # eine Art kleines Gewicht, 1/24 Unze, SkrupelÜber seine Gewichtsbedeutung gibt es zwei Theorien: |
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| | * Es wurde von lat. ''[[scrūpulus]]'' abgeleitet, was in seiner Bedeutung „kleinste Gewichtsteilung“ bedeutet und häufiger als ''[[scrūpulum]]'', ''[[scrīpulum]]'' geschrieben wurde, und durch eine eingebildete Ableitung von ''[[scrīptum]]'' wurde es als scrīptulum, scrīptlum geschrieben. Daher wurde es später im Altgriechischen als γράμμα von γράφω ''[[gráphō]]'', „schreiben“ und als scrīptulum von ''[[scrībō]]'' „schreiben“ übersetzt.[1][2] |
| | * Es handelte sich um eine semitische Entlehnung, bei der das Maß den Steinen oder Kernen kleiner Früchte entsprach: Jüdisch-Palästinensisch-Aramäisch גרוֹם (grūm, „Kern“), Klassisches Syrisches claimed (grūmā, „Knochen; Kern, Stein, Kern“), Arabisch جَرَام (jarām, „Dattelstein“), verwandt mit dem gebräuchlichen גַּרְמָא / claimed (garmā, „Knochen; Kern, Stein, Kern“). |
grámma Vorlage:agrie. γράμμα 'Geschriebene, Schrift'
Von γράφω gráphō, „Ich schreibe“ + -μα -ma, Ergebnissubstantivsuffix).
Pronunciation IPA(key): /ɡrám.ma/ → /ˈɣram.ma/ → /ˈɣra.ma/
Substantiv
γράμμα • (grámma) n (Genitiv γράμματος); dritte Deklination
- das Geschriebene, das Gezeichnete, Bild
- Brief
- (im Plural) Alphabet
- Schreiben, Buch
- eine Art kleines Gewicht, 1/24 Unze, SkrupelÜber seine Gewichtsbedeutung gibt es zwei Theorien:
- Es wurde von lat. scrūpulus abgeleitet, was in seiner Bedeutung „kleinste Gewichtsteilung“ bedeutet und häufiger als scrūpulum, scrīpulum geschrieben wurde, und durch eine eingebildete Ableitung von scrīptum wurde es als scrīptulum, scrīptlum geschrieben. Daher wurde es später im Altgriechischen als γράμμα von γράφω gráphō, „schreiben“ und als scrīptulum von scrībō „schreiben“ übersetzt.[1][2]
- Es handelte sich um eine semitische Entlehnung, bei der das Maß den Steinen oder Kernen kleiner Früchte entsprach: Jüdisch-Palästinensisch-Aramäisch גרוֹם (grūm, „Kern“), Klassisches Syrisches claimed (grūmā, „Knochen; Kern, Stein, Kern“), Arabisch جَرَام (jarām, „Dattelstein“), verwandt mit dem gebräuchlichen גַּרְמָא / claimed (garmā, „Knochen; Kern, Stein, Kern“).
