„prīnceps“ – Versionsunterschied
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prīnceps Adjektiv {{lat.}} (Genitiv prīncipis) ‘die erste Stelle (in einer Rangfolge) einnehmend’, | prīnceps Adjektiv {{lat.}} (Genitiv prīncipis) ‘die erste Stelle (in einer Rangfolge) einnehmend’,<p>From <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Italic_language Proto-Italic]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/priisemokaps *priisemokaps]</em> by syncope. By [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#surface_analysis surface analysis], <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/primus#Latin prīmus]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">first</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> + <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-ceps#Latin:_catcher -ceps]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">catcher</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Compare <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_English Old English]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="ang">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fruma#Old_English fruma]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">chief, prince, ruler</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>.</p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> | ||
=== Pronunciation === | |||
</div> | |||
*<span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Latin Classical Latin]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈpriːn.keps/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈpriːŋkɛps̠]</span> or [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈprin.keps/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈprɪŋkɛps̠]</span> | |||
*<span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_phonology_and_orthography#Ecclesiastical_pronunciation modern Italianate Ecclesiastical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈprin.t͡ʃeps/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈprin̠ʲt͡ʃeps]</span> | |||
*Note: the length of the first vowel might have varied, being subject to one or more rounds of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osthoff%27s_law Osthoff's Law] which shortens vowels before an /n/ in the same syllable. Ancient Greek <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CF%81%E1%BF%96%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%88#Ancient_Greek πρῖγκιψ]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">prînkips</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> shows there was a pronunciation with long /ī/, which must have been maintained by analogy with <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/primus#Latin prīmus]</em>, but an archaic Italian form <em class="Latn mention" lang="it">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/prence#Italian prence]</em> points to a form in /ĭ/.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/princeps#cite_note-1 <span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/princeps#cite_note-2 <span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span>]</sup> See also Italian <em class="Latn mention" lang="it">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/prencipe#Italian prencipe]</em>, an alternative form of <em class="Latn mention" lang="it">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principe#Italian principe]</em>. | |||
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> | |||
=== Adjective === | |||
</div><p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="la">prī̆nceps</strong> (''genitive'' <strong class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principis#Latin prī̆ncipis]</strong>)</span>; ''[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_third_declension third-declension] one-termination adjective''</p> | |||
#[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/first#English first], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/foremost#English foremost] <span class="HQToggle">[ quotations ▼]</span> | |||
#[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/chief#English chief], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/distinguished#English distinguished] | |||
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> | |||
==== Declension ==== | |||
</div><p>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_third_declension Third-declension] one-termination adjective.</p> | |||
{| class="prettytable inflection-table inflection-table-la" | |||
|- | |||
! Number | |||
! colspan="2" | Singular | |||
| rowspan="2" | | |||
! colspan="2" | Plural | |||
|- | |||
! Case / Gender | |||
! Masc./Fem. | |||
! Neuter | |||
! Masc./Fem. | |||
! Neuter | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nominative_case Nominative] | |||
| colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|m|s|;|nom|n|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">prī̆nceps</strong></span> | |||
| rowspan="6" | | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|m|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principes#Latin prī̆ncipēs]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|n|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principia#Latin prī̆ncipia]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/genitive_case Genitive] | |||
| colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|m|s|;|gen|n|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principis#Latin prī̆ncipis]</span> | |||
| colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|m|p|;|gen|n|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principium#Latin prī̆ncipium]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dative_case Dative] | |||
| colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|m|s|;|dat|n|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principi#Latin prī̆ncipī]</span> | |||
| colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|m|p|;|dat|n|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principibus#Latin prī̆ncipibus]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/accusative_case Accusative] | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|m|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principem#Latin prī̆ncipem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|n|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">prī̆nceps</strong></span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|m|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principes#Latin prī̆ncipēs]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|n|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principia#Latin prī̆ncipia]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ablative_case Ablative] | |||
| colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|m|s|;|abl|n|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principe#Latin prī̆ncipē]</span> | |||
| colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|m|p|;|abl|n|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principibus#Latin prī̆ncipibus]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vocative_case Vocative] | |||
| colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|m|s|;|voc|n|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">prī̆nceps</strong></span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|m|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principes#Latin prī̆ncipēs]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|n|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principia#Latin prī̆ncipia]</span> | |||
|} | |||
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> | |||
==== Synonyms ==== | |||
</div> | |||
*<span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">first</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon sense-qualifier-colon">:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/primus#Latin prīmus]</span> | |||
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> | |||
==== Derived terms ==== | |||
</div> | |||
*<span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=princeps_civitatis&action=edit&redlink=1 prī̆nceps cīvitātis]</span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">first citizen</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">a title of the Roman Emperors, beginning with Caesar Augustus</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> | |||
*<span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=princeps_senatus&action=edit&redlink=1 prī̆nceps senātūs]</span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">first among senators</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">a title of the leader of the Roman Senate, ending with the Roman Empire</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> | |||
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> | |||
=== Noun === | |||
</div><p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="la">prī̆nceps</strong> <span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr> or <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span> (''genitive'' <strong class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principis#Latin prī̆ncipis]</strong>)</span>; ''[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_third_declension third declension]''</p> | |||
#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/leader#English leader], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/first#English first] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/man#English man] or [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/woman#English woman], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/head#English head] <span class="HQToggle">[ quotations ▼]</span> | |||
#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principal#English principal] person | |||
#an [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/author#English author], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/originator#English originator], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/founder#English founder] | |||
#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/chief#English chief], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/director#English director] | |||
#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/prince#English prince], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sovereign#English sovereign] | |||
#<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/military#English military]<span class="ib-comma">,</span> in the [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#plural plural]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/company#English company] or [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/division#English division] of the second line of [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/soldier#English soldiers] | |||
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> | |||
==== Declension ==== | |||
</div><p>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_third_declension Third-declension] noun.</p> | |||
{| class="wikitable inflection-table inflection-table-la" | |||
|- | |||
! class="corner-header" | Case | |||
! class="number-header" | Singular | |||
! class="number-header" | Plural | |||
|- | |||
! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nominative_case Nominative] | |||
| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">prī̆nceps</strong></span> | |||
| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principes#Latin prī̆ncipēs]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/genitive_case Genitive] | |||
| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principis#Latin prī̆ncipis]</span> | |||
| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principum#Latin prī̆ncipum]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dative_case Dative] | |||
| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principi#Latin prī̆ncipī]</span> | |||
| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principibus#Latin prī̆ncipibus]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/accusative_case Accusative] | |||
| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principem#Latin prī̆ncipem]</span> | |||
| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principes#Latin prī̆ncipēs]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ablative_case Ablative] | |||
| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principe#Latin prī̆ncipe]</span> | |||
| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principibus#Latin prī̆ncipibus]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vocative_case Vocative] | |||
| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">prī̆nceps</strong></span> | |||
| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principes#Latin prī̆ncipēs]</span> | |||
|} | |||
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> | |||
==== Synonyms ==== | |||
</div> | |||
*<span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">prince</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon sense-qualifier-colon">:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principissa#Latin prīncipissa]</span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span> | |||
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> | |||
==== Derived terms ==== | |||
</div><div class="list-switcher" data-toggle-category="derived terms"><div class="derivedterms term-list ul-column-count" data-column-count="2"> | |||
*<span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Princeps#Latin Prī̆nceps]</span> | |||
*<span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principalis#Latin prī̆ncipālis]</span> | |||
*<span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principatus#Latin prī̆ncipātus]</span> | |||
*<span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principissa#Latin prī̆ncipissa]</span> | |||
*<span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principium#Latin prī̆ncipium]</span> | |||
*<span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principor#Latin prī̆ncipor]</span> | |||
</div></div> | |||
Version vom 11. August 2024, 11:46 Uhr
prīnceps Adjektiv Vorlage:lat. (Genitiv prīncipis) ‘die erste Stelle (in einer Rangfolge) einnehmend’,
From Proto-Italic *priisemokaps by syncope. By surface analysis, prīmus (“first”) + -ceps (“catcher”). Compare Old English fruma (“chief, prince, ruler”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈpriːn.keps/, [ˈpriːŋkɛps̠] or IPA(key): /ˈprin.keps/, [ˈprɪŋkɛps̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈprin.t͡ʃeps/, [ˈprin̠ʲt͡ʃeps]
- Note: the length of the first vowel might have varied, being subject to one or more rounds of Osthoff's Law which shortens vowels before an /n/ in the same syllable. Ancient Greek πρῖγκιψ (prînkips) shows there was a pronunciation with long /ī/, which must have been maintained by analogy with prīmus, but an archaic Italian form prence points to a form in /ĭ/.[1][2] See also Italian prencipe, an alternative form of principe.
Adjective
prī̆nceps (genitive prī̆ncipis); third-declension one-termination adjective
- first, foremost [ quotations ▼]
- chief, distinguished
Declension
Third-declension one-termination adjective.
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case / Gender | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | |
| Nominative | prī̆nceps | prī̆ncipēs | prī̆ncipia | ||
| Genitive | prī̆ncipis | prī̆ncipium | |||
| Dative | prī̆ncipī | prī̆ncipibus | |||
| Accusative | prī̆ncipem | prī̆nceps | prī̆ncipēs | prī̆ncipia | |
| Ablative | prī̆ncipē | prī̆ncipibus | |||
| Vocative | prī̆nceps | prī̆ncipēs | prī̆ncipia | ||
Synonyms
- (first): prīmus
Derived terms
- prī̆nceps cīvitātis (“first citizen”) (a title of the Roman Emperors, beginning with Caesar Augustus)
- prī̆nceps senātūs (“first among senators”) (a title of the leader of the Roman Senate, ending with the Roman Empire)
Noun
prī̆nceps m or f (genitive prī̆ncipis); third declension
- a leader, first man or woman, head [ quotations ▼]
- a principal person
- an author, originator, founder
- a chief, director
- a prince, sovereign
- (military, in the plural) company or division of the second line of soldiers
Declension
Third-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | prī̆nceps | prī̆ncipēs |
| Genitive | prī̆ncipis | prī̆ncipum |
| Dative | prī̆ncipī | prī̆ncipibus |
| Accusative | prī̆ncipem | prī̆ncipēs |
| Ablative | prī̆ncipe | prī̆ncipibus |
| Vocative | prī̆nceps | prī̆ncipēs |
Synonyms
- (prince): prīncipissa f