„gravis“ – Versionsunterschied
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<abbr>lat.</abbr> [[grav]][[-is]] {{:gravis/dt.}} | <abbr>lat.</abbr> [[grav]][[-is]] {{:gravis/dt.}} | ||
== <span id="Latin">Latin</span> == | |||
=== <span id="Alternative_forms">Alternative forms</span> === | |||
*<span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/grevis#Latin grevis]</span> | |||
=== <span id="Etymology_2">Etymology</span> === | |||
<p>From <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Italic_language Proto-Italic]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/g%CA%B7raus *gʷraus]</em>, from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language Proto-Indo-European]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/g%CA%B7r%C3%A9h%E2%82%82us *gʷréh₂us]</em>, an ''u''-stem adjective regularly enlarged into the ''i''-stem, compare <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/brevis#Latin brevis]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dulcis#Latin dulcis]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mollis#Latin mollis]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tenuis#Latin tenuis]</em>, etc.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gravis#cite_note-1 [1]]</sup> Cognate with <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek Ancient Greek]</span> <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%8D%CF%82#Ancient_Greek βαρύς]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">barús</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_language Gothic]</span> <em class="Goth mention" lang="got">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%83#Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌿𐍃]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="got-Latn">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/kaurus#Gothic kaurus]</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">heavy</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_language Persian]</span> <em class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86#Persian گران]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="fa-Latn">gerân</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> and <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrit Sanskrit]</span> <em class="Deva mention" lang="sa">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81#Sanskrit गुरु]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="sa-Latn">gurú</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. See also <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin Latin]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/brutus#Latin brūtus]</em>.</p> | |||
=== <span id="Pronunciation_3">Pronunciation</span> === | |||
*<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Latin Classical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈɡra.u̯is/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈɡräu̯ɪs̠]</span> | |||
*<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_phonology_and_orthography#Ecclesiastical_pronunciation modern Italianate Ecclesiastical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈɡra.vis/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈɡräːvis]</span> | |||
* | |||
{| class="audiotable" | |||
|- | |||
| class="unicode audiolink" | Audio (Classical) | |||
| class="audiofile" | <span class="mw-tmh-player audio mw-file-element"><span class="mw-tmh-duration mw-tmh-label"><span class="sr-only">Duration: 2 seconds.</span><span aria-hidden="true">0:02</span></span></span> | |||
|} | |||
=== <span id="Adjective">Adjective</span> === | |||
<p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="la">gravis</strong> (''neuter'' <strong class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/grave#Latin grave]</strong>, ''comparative'' <strong class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gravior#Latin gravior]</strong>, ''superlative'' <strong class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gravissimus#Latin gravissimus]</strong>, ''adverb'' <strong class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/graviter#Latin graviter]</strong>)</span>; ''[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_third_declension third-declension] two-termination adjective''</p> | |||
#[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/heavy heavy] <span class="nyms-toggle">[ antonym ▲]</span> | |||
#:<span class="nyms antonym"><span class="defdate">Antonym:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/levis#Latin levis]</span></span> | |||
#[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pregnant pregnant] | |||
#[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/troublesome troublesome], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hard hard] | |||
#[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/grave grave], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/serious serious] | |||
#[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rank rank], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/unpleasant unpleasant], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/strong strong] <span class="gloss-brac">(</span><span class="gloss-content"><span class="Latn" lang="en">smell</span></span><span class="gloss-brac">)</span> | |||
==== <span id="Declension_3">Declension</span> ==== | |||
<p>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_third_declension Third-declension] two-termination adjective.</p> | |||
{| class="prettytable inflection-table inflection-table-la" | |||
|- | |||
! Number | |||
! colspan="2" | Singular | |||
| rowspan="2" | | |||
! colspan="2" | Plural | |||
|- | |||
! Case / Gender | |||
! Masc./Fem. | |||
! Neuter | |||
! Masc./Fem. | |||
! Neuter | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nominative_case Nominative] | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|m|s-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">gravis</strong></span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|n|s-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/grave#Latin grave]</span> | |||
| rowspan="6" | | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|m|p-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/graves#Latin gravēs]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|n|p-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gravia#Latin gravia]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/genitive_case Genitive] | |||
| colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|m|s|;|gen|n|s-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">gravis</strong></span> | |||
| colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|m|p|;|gen|n|p-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gravium#Latin gravium]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dative_case Dative] | |||
| colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|m|s|;|dat|n|s-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gravi#Latin gravī]</span> | |||
| colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|m|p|;|dat|n|p-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gravibus#Latin gravibus]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/accusative_case Accusative] | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|m|s-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gravem#Latin gravem]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|n|s-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/grave#Latin grave]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|m|p-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/graves#Latin gravēs]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|m|p-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">gravīs</strong></span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|n|p-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gravia#Latin gravia]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ablative_case Ablative] | |||
| colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|m|s|;|abl|n|s-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gravi#Latin gravī]</span> | |||
| colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|m|p|;|abl|n|p-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gravibus#Latin gravibus]</span> | |||
|- | |||
! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vocative_case Vocative] | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|m|s-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">gravis</strong></span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|n|s-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/grave#Latin grave]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|m|p-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/graves#Latin gravēs]</span> | |||
| align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|n|p-form-of origin-gravis" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gravia#Latin gravia]</span> | |||
|} | |||
Version vom 18. Januar 2024, 09:30 Uhr
lat. grav-is ‘schwer, gewichtig, würdevoll’
Latin
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *gʷraus, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂us, an u-stem adjective regularly enlarged into the i-stem, compare brevis, dulcis, mollis, tenuis, etc.[1] Cognate with Ancient Greek βαρύς (barús), Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌿𐍃 (kaurus, “heavy”), Persian گران (gerân) and Sanskrit गुरु (gurú). See also Latin brūtus.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈɡra.u̯is/, [ˈɡräu̯ɪs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈɡra.vis/, [ˈɡräːvis]
| Audio (Classical) | Duration: 2 seconds. |
Adjective
gravis (neuter grave, comparative gravior, superlative gravissimus, adverb graviter); third-declension two-termination adjective
- heavy [ antonym ▲]
- Antonym: levis
- pregnant
- troublesome, hard
- grave, serious
- rank, unpleasant, strong (smell)
Declension
Third-declension two-termination adjective.
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case / Gender | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | |
| Nominative | gravis | grave | gravēs | gravia | |
| Genitive | gravis | gravium | |||
| Dative | gravī | gravibus | |||
| Accusative | gravem | grave | gravēs gravīs |
gravia | |
| Ablative | gravī | gravibus | |||
| Vocative | gravis | grave | gravēs | gravia | |