„autoû“ – Versionsunterschied
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autoû {{agrie.}} αὐτοῦ , „[[selbst]]“. | autoû {{agrie.}} αὐτοῦ , „[[selbst]]“.<p>According to Beekes from a <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language Proto-Indo-European]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h%E2%82%82ew *h₂ew]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">again</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> + <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/to- *to-]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">that</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Risch derives it from the Ancient Greek reflexes of those words, <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B1%E1%BD%96#Ancient_Greek αὖ]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">aû</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">back, again, other</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> + <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BD#Ancient_Greek τόν]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">tón</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">the</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Related to <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrygian_language Phrygian]</span> <em class="Polyt mention" lang="xpg">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82#Phrygian αυτος]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="xpg-Latn">autos</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, thus probably representing a common innovation.</p> | ||
=== <span id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</span> === | |||
<div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"><span class="vsToggleElement"><span class="NavToggle">[ more ▼]</span> </span><div class="vsShow"> | |||
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek_phonology key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/au̯.tós/</span> → <span class="IPA">/aɸˈtos/</span> → <span class="IPA">/afˈtos/</span> | |||
</div></div> | |||
* | |||
{| class="audiotable" | |||
|- | |||
| class="unicode audiolink" | Audio (Classical Attic): <span class="Polyt" lang="grc">αὐτός, αὐτή, αὐτό</span> | |||
| class="audiofile" | <span class="mw-tmh-player audio mw-file-element"><span class="mw-tmh-duration mw-tmh-label"><span class="sr-only">Duration: 4 seconds.</span><span aria-hidden="true">0:04</span></span></span> | |||
|} | |||
=== <span id="Pronoun">Pronoun</span> === | |||
<p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Polyt headword" lang="grc">αὐτός</strong> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Ancient_Greek_transliteration •] (<span class="headword-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr" lang="grc-Latn">autós</span>) (''feminine'' <strong class="Polyt" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B1%E1%BD%90%CF%84%CE%AE#Ancient_Greek αὐτή]</strong>, ''neuter'' <strong class="Polyt" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B1%E1%BD%90%CF%84%CF%8C#Ancient_Greek αὐτό]</strong>)</span>; ''[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Ancient_Greek_first_declension first]/[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Ancient_Greek_second_declension second declension]''</p> | |||
#<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">without article</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/self#English self] | |||
##<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">in nominative, emphasizing the subject</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> | |||
##<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">reflexive pronoun, in oblique cases</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/himself#English himself], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/herself#English herself], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/itself#English itself], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/themselves#English themselves] | |||
##<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">in philosophy, of an abstract idea</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> by or in itself | |||
#<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">without article, in oblique cases, 3rd person personal pronoun</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/he#English he], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/she#English she], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/it#English it], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/they#English they] | |||
#<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">with definite article</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/same#English same] | |||
==== <span id="Usage_notes">Usage notes</span> ==== | |||
<p>The intended sense of <span class="Polyt" lang="grc">αὐτός</span> is generally defined by its grammatical context. When used as a lone nominal without an article, it is generally the third person personal pronoun. When appended to a nominal and not possessing the definite article it is "self". When combined with the definite article, either appended to a nominal or on its own, it is "same".</p><p>The neuter plural <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%84%CE%B1%E1%BD%90%CF%84%CE%AC#Ancient_Greek ταὐτά]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">tautá</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">the same things</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> (derived from <span class="Polyt" lang="grc">τὰ αὐτά</span> by [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Ancient_Greek_contraction#Crasis crasis]) is distinguished from <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%84%CE%B1%E1%BF%A6%CF%84%CE%B1#Ancient_Greek ταῦτα]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">taûta</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> "these things" by the accent placement. The two sometimes occur together:</p><div class="wiktQuote" data-validation="green">'''386 <small>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#BCE BCE]</small> – 367 <small>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#BCE BCE]</small>''', [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plato Plato], ''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meno Meno]'' [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/el:%CE%9C%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD#p85e 85e]: | |||
:<span class="Polyt e-quotation" lang="grc">οὗτος γὰρ ποιήσει περὶ πάσης γεωμετρίας '''ταὐτὰ ταῦτα''', καὶ τῶν ἄλλων μαθημάτων ἁπάντων</span> | |||
::<em class="e-transliteration tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">hoûtos gàr poiḗsei perì pásēs geōmetrías '''tautà taûta''', kaì tôn állōn mathēmátōn hapántōn</em> | |||
::For he will do '''the same as this''' with all geometry and every other branch of knowledge. | |||
</div> | |||
Version vom 18. März 2024, 11:54 Uhr
autoû Vorlage:agrie. αὐτοῦ , „selbst“.
According to Beekes from a Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew (“again”) + *to- (“that”). Risch derives it from the Ancient Greek reflexes of those words, αὖ (aû, “back, again, other”) + τόν (tón, “the”). Related to Phrygian αυτος (autos), thus probably representing a common innovation.
Pronunciation
| Audio (Classical Attic): αὐτός, αὐτή, αὐτό | Duration: 4 seconds. |
Pronoun
αὐτός • (autós) (feminine αὐτή, neuter αὐτό); first/second declension
- (without article) self
- (in nominative, emphasizing the subject)
- (reflexive pronoun, in oblique cases) himself, herself, itself, themselves
- (in philosophy, of an abstract idea) by or in itself
- (without article, in oblique cases, 3rd person personal pronoun) he, she, it, they
- (with definite article) same
Usage notes
The intended sense of αὐτός is generally defined by its grammatical context. When used as a lone nominal without an article, it is generally the third person personal pronoun. When appended to a nominal and not possessing the definite article it is "self". When combined with the definite article, either appended to a nominal or on its own, it is "same".
The neuter plural ταὐτά (tautá, “the same things”) (derived from τὰ αὐτά by crasis) is distinguished from ταῦτα (taûta) "these things" by the accent placement. The two sometimes occur together: