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| <p>Most likely from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Italic_language Proto-Italic]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/pro-&action=edit&redlink=1 *pro-]</em> + <em class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/prijos&action=edit&redlink=1 *prijos]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">own, dear</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language Proto-Indo-European]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/priH%C3%B3s *priHós]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">dear</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Since ''pro-'' can hardly be explained as a nominal prefix, Forssman (2004) explains it as having been extended to the adjective from the verb <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=prioprio&action=edit&redlink=1 propriāre]</em>, [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hapax once-attested] as <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/propriassit#Latin propriāssit]</em>. Cognate to <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrit Sanskrit]</span> <em class="Deva mention" lang="sa">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF#Sanskrit प्रिय]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="sa-Latn">priyá</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">dear</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_language Russian]</span> <em class="Cyrl mention" lang="ru">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C#Russian прия́тель]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="ru-Latn">prijátelʹ</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">buddy, mate</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> and <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_language Russian]</span> <em class="Cyrl mention" lang="ru">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9#Russian прия́тный]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="ru-Latn">prijátnyj</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">pleasant</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_language Welsh]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="cy">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rhydd#Welsh rhydd]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">free</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language English]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="en">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/free#English free]</em>.</p><p>Other suggestions include:</p>
| | [[propri-]][[-us]], [[pro-]][[prius]] {{Wrtdtng}} wrtl.-sgm. 'für-erst, vorlieb'; '[[zueigen]], [[eigenes]]', "privat"; |
| *for <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">*proprīvus</em>, from the root of <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/privus#Latin prīvus]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">individual</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language Proto-Indo-European]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per- *prey-wo-s]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">being in front</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>.
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| *for <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">*propatrius</em>, from <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pro-#Latin pro-]</em> + <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pater#Latin pater]</em>, meaning “from one's forefathers”, taking <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek Ancient Greek]</span> <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CF%81&action=edit&redlink=1 προπάτωρ]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">propátōr</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">forefather</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> as comparison.
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| === <span id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</span> === | | Höchstwahrscheinlich aus uital. *[[pro-]] + *prijos („eigene, lieb“), aus uig. *[[priHós]] „lieb“. Da pro- kaum als Nominalpräfix erklärt werden kann, erklärt Forssman (2004), dass es vom Verb [[propriāre]] auf das Adjektiv erweitert wurde, das einst als ''[[propriāssit]]'' bezeugt wurde. Kognate sind skr. <em class="Deva mention" lang="sa">[[wikt:प्रिय#Sanskrit|प्रिय]]</em> (priyá, „lieb“), Russisch <em class="Cyrl mention" lang="ru">[[wikt:приятель#Russian|прия́тель]]</em> (prijátelʹ, „Kumpel, Kumpel“) und Russisch <em class="Cyrl mention" lang="ru">[[wikt:приятный#Russian|прия́тный]]</em> (prijátnyj, „angenehm“), Walisisch <em class="Latn mention" lang="cy">[[wikt:rhydd#Welsh|rhydd]]</em> („frei“), Englisch <em class="Latn mention" lang="en">[[wikt:free#English|free]], dt. [[frei]]</em>. |
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| | Weitere Vorschläge sind: |
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| | * für *proprīvus, von der Wurzel von ''[[prīvus]]'' „Individuum“, von uig. *[[prey-wo-s]] „vorne sein“. |
| | * für *propatrius, von ''[[pro-]]'' + ''[[pater]]'', was „von seinen Vorfahren“ bedeutet, wobei agrie. προπάτωρ ''[[propátōr]]'', „Vorvater“ als Vergleich herangezogen wird. |
| | |
| | === Adjektiv === |
| | proprius (weibliches Propria, neutrales Proprium); Adjektiv der ersten/zweiten Deklination |
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| | # sich selbst angemessen: (jemandes) eigen, (sein) eigenes (unveräußerliches) |
| | # sich selbst als Eigentum oder Ware gehören: (sein) eigenes (veräußerliches) |
| | # speziell für ein Individuum, eine Gruppe oder einen Fall: charakteristisch, unverwechselbar, exzentrisch, eigenwillig, individuell, spezialisiert |
| | # nicht mit anderen geteilt: persönlich, privat, exklusiv |
| | ## Antonym: Kommune |
| | # (von Aktivitäten), die einer bestimmten Gruppe von Personen oder Dingen eigen sind und für sie charakteristisch sind |
| | # (von Wörtern) eigen (Eigenname), wörtlich, streng |
| | ## Antonyme: <span class="nyms antonym"><span lang="la" class="Latn">[[wikt:tralaticius#Latin|trā(ns)lāticius]]</span>, <span lang="la" class="Latn">[[wikt:translatus#Latin|trā(ns)lātus]]</span></span> |
| | ## konkret, spezifisch |
| | ## Verwendung von Eigennamen |
| | <span id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</span> |
| *<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Latin Classical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈpro.pri.us/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈprɔpriʊs̠]</span> or [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈprop.ri.us/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈprɔpriʊs̠]</span> | | *<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Latin Classical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈpro.pri.us/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈprɔpriʊs̠]</span> or [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈprop.ri.us/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈprɔpriʊs̠]</span> |
| *<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_phonology_and_orthography#Ecclesiastical_pronunciation modern Italianate Ecclesiastical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈpro.pri.us/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈprɔːprius]</span> or [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈprop.ri.us/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈprɔprius]</span> | | *<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_phonology_and_orthography#Ecclesiastical_pronunciation modern Italianate Ecclesiastical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈpro.pri.us/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈprɔːprius]</span> or [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈprop.ri.us/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈprɔprius]</span> |
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| === <span id="Adjective">Adjective</span> ===
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| <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="la">proprius</strong> (''feminine'' <strong class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/propria#Latin propria]</strong>, ''neuter'' <strong class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/proprium#Latin proprium]</strong>)</span>; ''[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_first_declension first]/[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_second_declension second-declension] adjective''</p>
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| #[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/appropriate#English appropriate] to [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/oneself#English oneself]: (one's) [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/proper#English proper], (one's) [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/own#English own] <span class="gloss-brac">(</span><span class="gloss-content"><span class="Latn" lang="en">inalienably</span></span><span class="gloss-brac">)</span>
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| #[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/belong#English belonging] to oneself as [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/property#English property], or [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/goods#English goods]: (one's) [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/own#English own] <span class="gloss-brac">(</span><span class="gloss-content"><span class="Latn" lang="en">alienably</span></span><span class="gloss-brac">)</span> <span class="HQToggle">[ quotations ▼]</span>
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| #[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/particular#English particular] to one [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/individual#English individual], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/group#English group], or [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/case#English case]: [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/characteristic#English characteristic], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/distinctive#English distinctive], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eccentric#English eccentric], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/idiosyncratic#English idiosyncratic], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/individual#English individual], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/specialized#English specialized]
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| #not shared with others: [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/personal#English personal], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/private#English private], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/exclusive#English exclusive] <span class="nyms-toggle">[ antonym ▲]</span>
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| #:<span class="nyms antonym"><span class="defdate">Antonym:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/communis#Latin commūnis]</span></span>
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| #<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">of activities</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/proper#English proper] to, [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/characteristic#English characteristic] of a given [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/set#English set] of persons or things
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| #<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">of words</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> proper, [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/literal#English literal], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/strict#English strict] <span class="nyms-toggle">[ antonyms ▲]</span>
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| #:<span class="nyms antonym"><span class="defdate">Antonyms:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tralaticius#Latin trā(ns)lāticius]</span>, <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/translatus#Latin trā(ns)lātus]</span></span>
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| ##[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/concrete#English concrete], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/specific#English specific]
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| ##<span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">used of [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/proper_noun#English proper nouns]</span></span>
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| ==== <span id="Declension">Declension</span> ==== | | ==== <span id="Declension">Declension</span> ==== |
propri--us, pro-prius Wrtdtng: wrtl.-sgm. 'für-erst, vorlieb'; 'zueigen, eigenes', "privat";
Höchstwahrscheinlich aus uital. *pro- + *prijos („eigene, lieb“), aus uig. *priHós „lieb“. Da pro- kaum als Nominalpräfix erklärt werden kann, erklärt Forssman (2004), dass es vom Verb propriāre auf das Adjektiv erweitert wurde, das einst als propriāssit bezeugt wurde. Kognate sind skr. प्रिय (priyá, „lieb“), Russisch прия́тель (prijátelʹ, „Kumpel, Kumpel“) und Russisch прия́тный (prijátnyj, „angenehm“), Walisisch rhydd („frei“), Englisch free, dt. frei.
Weitere Vorschläge sind:
- für *proprīvus, von der Wurzel von prīvus „Individuum“, von uig. *prey-wo-s „vorne sein“.
- für *propatrius, von pro- + pater, was „von seinen Vorfahren“ bedeutet, wobei agrie. προπάτωρ propátōr, „Vorvater“ als Vergleich herangezogen wird.
Adjektiv
proprius (weibliches Propria, neutrales Proprium); Adjektiv der ersten/zweiten Deklination
- sich selbst angemessen: (jemandes) eigen, (sein) eigenes (unveräußerliches)
- sich selbst als Eigentum oder Ware gehören: (sein) eigenes (veräußerliches)
- speziell für ein Individuum, eine Gruppe oder einen Fall: charakteristisch, unverwechselbar, exzentrisch, eigenwillig, individuell, spezialisiert
- nicht mit anderen geteilt: persönlich, privat, exklusiv
- Antonym: Kommune
- (von Aktivitäten), die einer bestimmten Gruppe von Personen oder Dingen eigen sind und für sie charakteristisch sind
- (von Wörtern) eigen (Eigenname), wörtlich, streng
- Antonyme: trā(ns)lāticius, trā(ns)lātus
- konkret, spezifisch
- Verwendung von Eigennamen
Pronunciation
Declension
First/second-declension adjective.
