|
|
| Zeile 1: |
Zeile 1: |
| <p>From <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Italic_language Proto-Italic]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/greks&action=edit&redlink=1 *greks]</em>, from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language Proto-Indo-European]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h%E2%82%82ger- *h₂ger-]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to assemble, gather together</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> (though de Vaan prefers to reconstruct the Proto-Italic as <em class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">*gʷreg-</em>, and the Proto-Indo-European as <em class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">*gʷreg-</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">group, herd</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/grex#cite_note-1 [1]]</sup> Cognates include <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuanian_language Lithuanian]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="lt">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=gurguole&action=edit&redlink=1 gurguole]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">mass, crowd</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> and <em class="Latn mention" lang="lt">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=gurgulys&action=edit&redlink=1 gurgulys]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">chaos, confusion</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonic Old Church Slavonic]</span> <em class="Cyrs mention" lang="cu">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1 гръсть]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="cu-Latn">grŭstĭ</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">handful</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_language Welsh]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="cy">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gre#Welsh gre]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">herd</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek Ancient Greek]</span> <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%CE%B3%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1&action=edit&redlink=1 γάργαρα]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">gárgara</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">heaps, lots (of people, etc.)</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saka_language Khotanese]</span> <small>[script needed]</small> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="kho-Latn">haṃ-grīs</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to gather, assemble</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>.</p>
| | [[gre]][[-x]] {{uital.-lat.}} '[[Herde]], [[Rudel]], [[Schwarm]]'; [[Gruppe]], [[Truppe]], [[Team]]' |
| === <span id="Pronunciation_2">Pronunciation</span> ===
| |
|
| |
|
| | Aus dem uital *greks, aus dem uig. *[[h₂ger-]] „sich versammeln, ansammeln“ (obwohl de Vaan es vorzieht, das uital. als *[[gʷreg-]] und das uig. als *[[gʷreg-]] „Gruppe, Herde“ zu rekonstruieren). Verwandte sind unter anderem litauisch <em class="Latn mention" lang="lt">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=gurguole&action=edit&redlink=1 gurguole]</em> „Masse, Menge) und <em class="Latn mention" lang="lt">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=gurgulys&action=edit&redlink=1 gurgulys]</em> „Chaos, Verwirrung“), altkirchenslawisch <em class="Cyrs mention" lang="cu">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1 гръсть]</em> grŭstĭ, „Handvoll“, walisisch <em class="Latn mention" lang="cy">[[wikt:gre#Welsh|gre]]</em> „Herde“, altgriechisch γάργαρα ''[[gárgara]]'', „Haufen, viele (Menschen usw.)“), Khotanesisch (haṃ-grīs, „sich versammeln, versammeln“). |
| | |
| | === Substantiv === |
| | grex m (Genitiv gregis); dritte Deklination |
| | |
| | # (Zoologie) eine Gruppe kleinerer Tiere: eine Herde (Vögel, Schafe usw.), ein Rudel (Hunde, Wölfe usw.), ein Schwarm (Insekten) usw. |
| | # (im übertragenen Sinne) eine ähnliche Gruppe anderer Dinge |
| | ## Synonyme: <span class="nyms synonym"><span lang="la" class="Latn">[[wikt:cumulus#Latin|cumulus]]</span>, <span lang="la" class="Latn">[[wikt:acervus#Latin|acervus]]</span>, <span lang="la" class="Latn">[[wikt:massa#Latin|massa]]</span>, <span lang="la" class="Latn">[[wikt:moles#Latin|mōlēs]]</span>, <span lang="la" class="Latn">[[wikt:multitudo#Latin|multitūdō]]</span></span> |
| | # eine Gruppe von Menschen: eine Menschenmenge, eine Clique, eine Kompanie, eine Band, eine Truppe usw. |
| | ## Synonyme: <span class="nyms synonym"><span lang="la" class="Latn">[[wikt:multitudo#Latin|multitūdō]]</span>, <span lang="la" class="Latn">[[wikt:turba#Latin|turba]]</span></span> |
| | # (Sport) ein Team von Wagenlenkern. |
| | # (Theater) eine Truppe von Schauspielern. |
| | |
| | ==== Nutzungshinweise ==== |
| | Eigentlich bildet eine Herde oder Ansammlung größerer Tiere einen <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:pecus#Latin|pecus]]</em> n, ein <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:iumentum#Latin|iumentum]]</em> (beim Ziehen von Karren) oder einen <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:armenta#Latin|armenta]]</em> (beim Ziehen eines Pflugs), während kleinere Tiere – insbesondere domestizierte <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:pecudes#Latin|pecudēs]]</em> – einen ''grex'' bilden. Seine Verwendung für Menschen ist nicht unbedingt so abwertend wie <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:pecus#Latin|pecus]]</em>.<span id="Pronunciation_2">Pronunciation</span> |
| *<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Latin Classical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ɡreks/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ɡrɛks̠]</span> | | *<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Latin Classical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ɡreks/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ɡrɛks̠]</span> |
| *<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_phonology_and_orthography#Ecclesiastical_pronunciation modern Italianate Ecclesiastical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ɡreks/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ɡrɛks]</span> | | *<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_phonology_and_orthography#Ecclesiastical_pronunciation modern Italianate Ecclesiastical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ɡreks/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ɡrɛks]</span> |
|
| |
| === <span id="Noun_2">Noun</span> ===
| |
| <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="la">grex</strong> <span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></span> (''genitive'' <strong class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gregis#Latin gregis]</strong>)</span>; ''[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_third_declension third declension]''</p>
| |
| #<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/zoology#English zoology]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/group#English group] of [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/small#English smaller] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/animal#English animals]: a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/flock#English flock] <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">of birds, sheep, etc.</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span>, a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pack#English pack] <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">of dogs, wolves, etc.</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span>, a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/swarm#English swarm] <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">of insects</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span>, etc.
| |
| #<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#figurative figurative]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/similar#English similar] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/group#English group] of [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/other#English other] [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/thing#English things] <span class="nyms-toggle">[ synonyms ▲]</span>
| |
| #:<span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonyms:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cumulus#Latin cumulus]</span>, <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/acervus#Latin acervus]</span>, <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/massa#Latin massa]</span>, <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/moles#Latin mōlēs]</span>, <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/multitudo#Latin multitūdō]</span></span>
| |
| #a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/group#English group] of [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/people#English people]: a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/crowd#English crowd], a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/clique#English clique], a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/company#English company], a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/band#English band], a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/troop#English troop], etc. <span class="nyms-toggle">[ synonyms ▲]</span>
| |
| #:<span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonyms:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/multitudo#Latin multitūdō]</span>, <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/turba#Latin turba]</span></span>
| |
| #<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sports#English sports]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/team#English team] of [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/charioteer#English charioteers].
| |
| #<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/theater#English theater]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/troupe#English troupe] of [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/actor#English actors].
| |
|
| |
| ==== <span id="Usage_notes">Usage notes</span> ====
| |
| <p>Properly, a herd or drove of larger animals form a <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pecus#Latin pecus]</em> <span class="gender"><abbr title="neuter gender">n</abbr></span>, a <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/iumentum#Latin iumentum]</em> (when pulling carts), or an <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/armenta#Latin armenta]</em> (when pulling a plow), while smaller animals—especially domesticated <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pecudes#Latin pecudēs]</em>—form a ''grex''. Its use for people is not necessarily pejorative in the way <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pecus#Latin pecus]</em> is.</p>
| |
| ==== <span id="Declension">Declension</span> ==== | | ==== <span id="Declension">Declension</span> ==== |
| <p>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_third_declension Third-declension] noun.</p> | | <p>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_third_declension Third-declension] noun.</p> |
gre-x uital.-lat. 'Herde, Rudel, Schwarm'; Gruppe, Truppe, Team'
Aus dem uital *greks, aus dem uig. *h₂ger- „sich versammeln, ansammeln“ (obwohl de Vaan es vorzieht, das uital. als *gʷreg- und das uig. als *gʷreg- „Gruppe, Herde“ zu rekonstruieren). Verwandte sind unter anderem litauisch gurguole „Masse, Menge) und gurgulys „Chaos, Verwirrung“), altkirchenslawisch гръсть grŭstĭ, „Handvoll“, walisisch gre „Herde“, altgriechisch γάργαρα gárgara, „Haufen, viele (Menschen usw.)“), Khotanesisch (haṃ-grīs, „sich versammeln, versammeln“).
Substantiv
grex m (Genitiv gregis); dritte Deklination
- (Zoologie) eine Gruppe kleinerer Tiere: eine Herde (Vögel, Schafe usw.), ein Rudel (Hunde, Wölfe usw.), ein Schwarm (Insekten) usw.
- (im übertragenen Sinne) eine ähnliche Gruppe anderer Dinge
- Synonyme: cumulus, acervus, massa, mōlēs, multitūdō
- eine Gruppe von Menschen: eine Menschenmenge, eine Clique, eine Kompanie, eine Band, eine Truppe usw.
- Synonyme: multitūdō, turba
- (Sport) ein Team von Wagenlenkern.
- (Theater) eine Truppe von Schauspielern.
Nutzungshinweise
Eigentlich bildet eine Herde oder Ansammlung größerer Tiere einen pecus n, ein iumentum (beim Ziehen von Karren) oder einen armenta (beim Ziehen eines Pflugs), während kleinere Tiere – insbesondere domestizierte pecudēs – einen grex bilden. Seine Verwendung für Menschen ist nicht unbedingt so abwertend wie pecus.Pronunciation
Declension
Third-declension noun.
