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híppos {{agrie.}} ἵππος „[[Pferd]]“ | híppos {{agrie.}} ἵππος „[[Pferd]]“<p>From <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Greek_language Proto-Hellenic]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="grk-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/%C3%ADkk%CA%B7os *íkkʷos]</em> (compare <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycenaean_Greek Mycenaean Greek]</span> <em class="Linb mention" lang="gmy">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%F0%90%80%82%F0%90%80%A6#Mycenaean_Greek 𐀂𐀦]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="gmy-Latn">i-qo</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>), from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language Proto-Indo-European]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h%E2%82%81%C3%A9%E1%B8%B1wos *h₁éḱwos]</em>, from <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h%E2%82%81oh%E2%82%81%E1%B8%B1u-&action=edit&redlink=1 *h₁oh₁ḱu-]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">swift</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Unexplained is ι for ε, the word initial heavy breathing (h) and the double π (hίππος instead of expected **έπος), possibly borrowed from another Indo-European language where such a sound change is regular. Cognates include <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrit Sanskrit]</span> <em class="Deva mention" lang="sa">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5#Sanskrit अश्व]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="sa-Latn">áśva</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin Latin]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/equus#Latin equus]</em>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuanian_language Lithuanian]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="lt">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/a%C5%A1va#Lithuanian ašva]</em>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaulish Gaulish]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="cel-gau">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/epos#Gaulish epos]</em>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Armenian Old Armenian]</span> <em class="Armn mention" lang="xcl">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D5%A7%D5%B7#Old_Armenian էշ]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="xcl-Latn">ēš</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">donkey</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_English Old English]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="ang">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eoh#Old_English eoh]</em>, and <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Irish Old Irish]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="sga">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ech#Old_Irish ech]</em>.</p> | ||
=== <span id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</span> === | |||
<div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"><span class="vsToggleElement"><span class="NavToggle">[ more ▼]</span> </span><div class="vsShow"> | |||
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek_phonology key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/híp.pos/</span> → <span class="IPA">/ˈip.pos/</span> → <span class="IPA">/ˈi.pos/</span> | |||
</div></div> | |||
=== <span id="Noun">Noun</span> === | |||
<p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Polyt headword" lang="grc">ῐ̔́ππος</strong> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Ancient_Greek_transliteration •] (<span class="headword-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr" lang="grc-Latn">híppos</span>) <span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr> or <abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span> (''genitive'' <strong class="Polyt" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%B5%CF%80%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85#Ancient_Greek ῐ̔́ππου]</strong>)</span>; ''[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Ancient_Greek_second_declension second declension]''<span class="usage-label-term"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeric_Greek Epic]<span class="ib-comma">,</span> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attic_Greek Attic]<span class="ib-comma">,</span> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_Greek Ionic]<span class="ib-comma">,</span> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doric_Greek Doric]<span class="ib-comma">,</span> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koine_Greek Koine]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></p> | |||
#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/horse#English horse], <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#feminine feminine]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mare#English mare] <span class="HQToggle">[ quotations ▼]</span> | |||
#<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#feminine feminine]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cavalry#English cavalry], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/horsemen#English horsemen] | |||
==== <span id="Usage_notes">Usage notes</span> ==== | |||
*When used as a collective noun ("horse, cavalry"), this word is always feminine singular, even with numerals. | |||
*:<div class="wiktQuote" data-validation="green">'''460 <small>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#BCE BCE]</small> – 420 <small>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#BCE BCE]</small>''', [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodotus Herodotus], ''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histories_(Herodotus) Histories]'' [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/el:%CE%99%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1%CE%B9_(%CE%97%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B4%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85)/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%B1#41 7.41]: | |||
:*:<span class="Polyt e-quotation" lang="grc">μετὰ δὲ '''ἵππος ἄλλη χιλίη''' ἐκ Περσέων ἀπολελεγμένη</span> | |||
::*:<em class="e-transliteration tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">metà dè '''híppos állē khilíē''' ek Perséōn apolelegménē</em> | |||
::*:and after them came '''another thousand horsemen''' chosen out from the Persians | |||
</div> | |||
Version vom 29. Mai 2024, 08:32 Uhr
híppos Vorlage:agrie. ἵππος „Pferd“
From Proto-Hellenic *íkkʷos (compare Mycenaean Greek 𐀂𐀦 (i-qo)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos, from *h₁oh₁ḱu- (“swift”). Unexplained is ι for ε, the word initial heavy breathing (h) and the double π (hίππος instead of expected **έπος), possibly borrowed from another Indo-European language where such a sound change is regular. Cognates include Sanskrit अश्व (áśva), Latin equus, Lithuanian ašva, Gaulish epos, Old Armenian էշ (ēš, “donkey”), Old English eoh, and Old Irish ech.
Pronunciation
Noun
ῐ̔́ππος • (híppos) m or f (genitive ῐ̔́ππου); second declension(Epic, Attic, Ionic, Doric, Koine)
Usage notes
- When used as a collective noun ("horse, cavalry"), this word is always feminine singular, even with numerals.
- μετὰ δὲ ἵππος ἄλλη χιλίη ἐκ Περσέων ἀπολελεγμένη
- metà dè híppos állē khilíē ek Perséōn apolelegménē
- and after them came another thousand horsemen chosen out from the Persians