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| prī̆nceps {{lat.}} {{Wrtdtng}} wrtl. 'vornahme, erstnahme, anfang'; vorserst'; 'erst'; 'Vornehmer, Anfänger' daher 'Anführer, Urheber, Erster, …'
| | #WEITERLEITUNG [[prīnceps]] |
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| Aus uital. *priisemokaps durch Synkope. Durch Oberflächenanalyse, ''[[prīmus]]'' „erster“ + ''[[-ceps]]'' „Fänger“.
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| From <span class="etyl">[[wikipedia:Proto-Italic_language|Proto-Italic]]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/priisemokaps|*priisemokaps]]</em> by syncope. By [[wikt:Appendix:Glossary#surface_analysis|surface analysis]], <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:primus#Latin|prīmus]]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">first</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> + <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:-ceps#Latin:_catcher|-ceps]]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">catcher</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>.
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| === <span id="Pronunciation_2">Aussprache:</span> ===
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| *<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[[wikipedia:Classical_Latin|Classical]]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [[wikt:Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet|IPA]]<sup>([[wikt:Appendix:Latin_pronunciation|key]])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈpriːn.keps/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈpriːŋkɛps̠]</span> or [[wikt:Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet|IPA]]<sup>([[wikt:Appendix:Latin_pronunciation|key]])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈprin.keps/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈprɪŋkɛps̠]</span>
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| *<span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[[wikipedia:Latin_phonology_and_orthography#Ecclesiastical_pronunciation|modern Italianate Ecclesiastical]]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span> [[wikt:Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet|IPA]]<sup>([[wikt:Appendix:Latin_pronunciation|key]])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈprin.t͡ʃeps/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ˈprin̠ʲt͡ʃeps]</span>
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| Note: the length of the first vowel might have varied, being subject to one or more rounds of [[wikipedia:Osthoff's_law|Osthoff's Law]] which shortens vowels before an /n/ in the same syllable. Ancient Greek <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[[wikt:πρῖγκιψ#Ancient_Greek|πρῖγκιψ]]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="grc-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">prînkips</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> shows there was a pronunciation with long /ī/, which must have been maintained by analogy with <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:primus#Latin|prīmus]]</em>, but an archaic Italian form <em class="Latn mention" lang="it">[[wikt:prence#Italian|prence]]</em> points to a form in /ĭ/.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference">[[wikt:princeps#cite_note-1|[1]]]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference">[[wikt:princeps#cite_note-2|[2]]]</sup> See also Italian <em class="Latn mention" lang="it">[[wikt:prencipe#Italian|prencipe]]</em>, an alternative form of <em class="Latn mention" lang="it">[[wikt:principe#Italian|principe]]</em>.
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| === Adjektiv ===
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| prī̆nceps (Genitiv prī̆ncipis); Adjektiv mit einer Endung in der dritten Deklination
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| # erst, vorderst
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| # führend, ausgezeichnet
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| ==== <span id="Declension">Declension</span> ====
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| <p>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_third_declension Third-declension] one-termination adjective.</p>
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| {| class="prettytable inflection-table inflection-table-la"
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| |-
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| ! Number
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| ! colspan="2" | Singular
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| | rowspan="2" |
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| ! colspan="2" | Plural
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| |-
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| ! Case / Gender
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| ! Masc./Fem.
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| ! Neuter
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| ! Masc./Fem.
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| ! Neuter
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| |-
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| ! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nominative_case Nominative]
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| | colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|m|s|;|nom|n|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">prī̆nceps</strong></span>
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| | rowspan="6" |
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| | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|m|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principes#Latin prī̆ncipēs]</span>
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| | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|n|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principia#Latin prī̆ncipia]</span>
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| |-
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| ! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/genitive_case Genitive]
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| | colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|m|s|;|gen|n|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principis#Latin prī̆ncipis]</span>
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| | colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|m|p|;|gen|n|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principium#Latin prī̆ncipium]</span>
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| |-
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| ! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dative_case Dative]
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| | colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|m|s|;|dat|n|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principi#Latin prī̆ncipī]</span>
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| | colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|m|p|;|dat|n|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principibus#Latin prī̆ncipibus]</span>
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| |-
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| ! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/accusative_case Accusative]
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| | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|m|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principem#Latin prī̆ncipem]</span>
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| | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|n|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">prī̆nceps</strong></span>
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| | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|m|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principes#Latin prī̆ncipēs]</span>
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| | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|n|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principia#Latin prī̆ncipia]</span>
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| |-
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| ! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ablative_case Ablative]
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| | colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|m|s|;|abl|n|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principi#Latin prī̆ncipī]</span>
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| | colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|m|p|;|abl|n|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principibus#Latin prī̆ncipibus]</span>
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| |-
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| ! [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vocative_case Vocative]
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| | colspan="2" align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|m|s|;|voc|n|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">prī̆nceps</strong></span>
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| | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|m|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principes#Latin prī̆ncipēs]</span>
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| | align="center" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|n|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principia#Latin prī̆ncipia]</span>
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| |}
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| ==== <span id="Synonyms">Synonyms</span> ====
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| *<span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">first</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon sense-qualifier-colon">:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/primus#Latin prīmus]</span>
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| ==== <span id="Derived_terms">Derived terms</span> ====
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| *<span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=princeps_civitatis&action=edit&redlink=1 prī̆nceps cīvitātis]</span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">first citizen</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">a title of the Roman Emperors, beginning with Caesar Augustus</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span>
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| === Substantiv ===
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| prī̆nceps m oder f (Genitiv prī̆ncipis); dritte Deklination
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| # ein Anführer, erster Mann oder erste Frau, Kopf
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| # eine Hauptperson
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| # ein Autor, Urheber, Gründer
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| # ein Chef, Direktor
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| # ein Prinz, Herrscher
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| # (Militär, im Plural) Kompanie oder Division der zweiten Soldatenlinie
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| ==== <span id="Declension_2">Declension</span> ====
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| <p>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_third_declension Third-declension] noun.</p>
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| {| class="wikitable inflection-table inflection-table-la"
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| |-
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| ! class="corner-header" | Case
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| ! class="number-header" | Singular
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| ! class="number-header" | Plural
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| |-
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| ! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nominative_case Nominative]
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| | class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">prī̆nceps</strong></span>
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| | class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principes#Latin prī̆ncipēs]</span>
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| |-
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| ! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/genitive_case Genitive]
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| | class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principis#Latin prī̆ncipis]</span>
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| | class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principum#Latin prī̆ncipum]</span>
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| |-
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| ! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dative_case Dative]
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| | class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principi#Latin prī̆ncipī]</span>
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| | class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principibus#Latin prī̆ncipibus]</span>
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| |-
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| ! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/accusative_case Accusative]
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| | class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principem#Latin prī̆ncipem]</span>
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| | class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principes#Latin prī̆ncipēs]</span>
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| |-
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| ! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ablative_case Ablative]
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| | class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principe#Latin prī̆ncipe]</span>
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| | class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principibus#Latin prī̆ncipibus]</span>
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| |-
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| ! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vocative_case Vocative]
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| | class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|s-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">prī̆nceps</strong></span>
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| | class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|p-form-of origin-prī̆nceps" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/principes#Latin prī̆ncipēs]</span>
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| |}
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