„pars“ – Versionsunterschied

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Version vom 18. August 2024, 17:32 Uhr

From Proto-Italic *partis > parts > pars.

Probably from the same root as pār and portiō. This could be the Proto-Indo-European root *perH- or *per- (“sell, exchange”), which also gave the Ancient Greek πόρνη (pórnē, “prostitute”), and πέρνημι (pérnēmi, “sell”).

Others refer to (the perhaps identical) Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to pass through”), whence Latin porta, portus, parō, pariō, perīculum, experior, Ancient Greek πέρα (péra), πείρω (peírō), πόρος (póros), Proto-Germanic*faraną (“to go, to travel”) and *fērō (“danger”), whence English fare and fear, German fahren and Gefahr.

While keeping the separate root Proto-Indo-European *sperH-, that could also explain Latin parcus, parcō, Ancient Greek σπαρνός (sparnós), English spare.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /pars/, [pärs̠]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /pars/, [pärs]

Noun

pars f (genitive partis); third declension

a part, portion, piece, share [ quotations ▼]
(correlative) pars ... pars ..., some ... others ... [ quotations ▼] [ synonym ▲]
Synonym: partim
(usually in the plural) a party, fraction, side [ quotations ▼]
(theater, in the plural) a part, character
1. a part, function, office, duty
a lot, portion, fate
a portion or share of food
a task, lesson
a part, place, region of the earth
(mathematics) a part, fraction
a part of a body, a member
(politics, usually in the plural) a party
a direction [ quotations ▼]

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem, accusative singular in -em or -im, ablative singular in -e or -ī).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	pars	partēs
Genitive	partis	partium
Dative	partī	partibus
Accusative	partem partim	partēs partīs
Ablative	parte partī	partibus
Vocative	pars	partēs

@@ Zeile 1: / Zeile 1: @@
-[[par]][[-s]] {{lat.}} {{:pars/dt.}}
+[[par]][[-s]] {{lat.}} {{:pars/dt.}}<p>From <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Italic_language Proto-Italic]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/partis *partis]</em> &gt; ''parts'' &gt; ''pars''.</p><p>Probably from the same root as <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/par#Latin pār]</em> and <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/portio#Latin portiō]</em>. This could be the <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language Proto-Indo-European]</span> root <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/perH-&action=edit&redlink=1 *perH-]</em> or <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per- *per-]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">sell, exchange</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, which also gave the Ancient Greek <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7#Ancient_Greek πόρνη]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">pórnē</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">prostitute</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, and <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9#Ancient_Greek πέρνημι]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">pérnēmi</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">sell</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>.</p><p>Others refer to (the perhaps identical) <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language Proto-Indo-European]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per- *per-]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to pass through</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, whence <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin Latin]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/porta#Latin porta]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/portus#Latin portus]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/paro#Latin parō]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pario#Latin pariō]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/periculum#Latin perīculum]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/experior#Latin experior]</em>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek Ancient Greek]</span> <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1#Ancient_Greek πέρα]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">péra</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%81%CF%89#Ancient_Greek πείρω]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">peírō</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82#Ancient_Greek πόρος]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">póros</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language Proto-Germanic]</span><em class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/faran%C4%85 *faraną]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to go, to travel</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> and <em class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/f%C4%93r%C5%8D *fērō]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">danger</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, whence English <em class="Latn mention" lang="en">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fare#English fare]</em> and <em class="Latn mention" lang="en">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fear#English fear]</em>, German <em class="Latn mention" lang="de">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fahren#German fahren]</em> and <em class="Latn mention" lang="de">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Gefahr#German Gefahr]</em>.</p><p>While keeping the separate root <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language Proto-Indo-European]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sperH- *sperH-]</em>, that could also explain <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin Latin]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/parcus#Latin parcus]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/parco#Latin parcō]</em>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek Ancient Greek]</span> <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%82#Ancient_Greek σπαρνός]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">sparnós</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language English]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="en">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/spare#English spare]</em>.</p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3">
+=== Pronunciation ===
+</div>
+*<span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Latin Classical Latin]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/pars/</span>, <span class="IPA">[pärs̠]</span>
+*<span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_phonology_and_orthography#Ecclesiastical_pronunciation modern Italianate Ecclesiastical]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/pars/</span>, <span class="IPA">[pärs]</span>
+<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3">
+=== Noun ===
+</div><p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="la">pars</strong>&nbsp;<span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span> (''genitive'' <strong class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/partis#Latin partis]</strong>)</span>; ''[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_third_declension third declension]''</p>
+#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/part#English part], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/portion#English portion], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/piece#English piece], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/share#English share] <span class="HQToggle">[ quotations ▼]</span>
+#<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">correlative</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> pars ... pars ..., [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/some#English some] ... [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/others#English others] ... <span class="HQToggle">[ quotations ▼]</span> <span class="nyms-toggle">[ synonym ▲]</span>
+#:<span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonym:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/partim#Latin partim]</span></span>
+#<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">usually in the [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#plural plural]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/party#English party], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fraction#English fraction], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/side#English side] <span class="HQToggle">[ quotations ▼]</span>
+#<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/theater#English theater]<span class="ib-comma">,</span> in the [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#plural plural]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/part#English part], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/character#English character]
+##a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/part#English part], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/function#English function], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/office#English office], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/duty#English duty]
+#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/lot#English lot], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/portion#English portion], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fate#English fate]
+#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/portion#English portion] or [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/share#English share] of [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/food#English food]
+#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/task#English task], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/lesson#English lesson]
+#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/part#English part], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/place#English place], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/region#English region] of the [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/earth#English earth]
+#<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mathematics#English mathematics]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/part#English part], [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fraction#English fraction]
+#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/part#English part] of a body, a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/member#English member]
+#<span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/politics#English politics]<span class="ib-comma">,</span> usually in the [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#plural plural]</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/party#English party]
+#a [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/direction#English direction] <span class="HQToggle">[ quotations ▼]</span>
+<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4">
+==== Declension ====
+</div><p>[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Latin_third_declension Third-declension] noun (i-stem, accusative singular in ''-em'' or ''-im'', ablative singular in ''-e'' or ''-ī'').</p>
+{| class="wikitable inflection-table inflection-table-la"
+|-
+! class="corner-header" | Case
+! class="number-header" | Singular
+! class="number-header" | Plural
+|-
+! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nominative_case Nominative]
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|s-form-of origin-pars" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">pars</strong></span>
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la nom|p-form-of origin-pars" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/partes#Latin partēs]</span>
+|-
+! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/genitive_case Genitive]
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|s-form-of origin-pars" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/partis#Latin partis]</span>
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la gen|p-form-of origin-pars" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/partium#Latin partium]</span>
+|-
+! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dative_case Dative]
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|s-form-of origin-pars" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/parti#Latin partī]</span>
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la dat|p-form-of origin-pars" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/partibus#Latin partibus]</span>
+|-
+! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/accusative_case Accusative]
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|s-form-of origin-pars" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/partem#Latin partem]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|s-form-of origin-pars" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/partim#Latin partim]</span>
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|p-form-of origin-pars" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/partes#Latin partēs]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la acc|p-form-of origin-pars" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/partis#Latin partīs]</span>
+|-
+! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ablative_case Ablative]
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|s-form-of origin-pars" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/parte#Latin parte]</span><br><span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|s-form-of origin-pars" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/parti#Latin partī]</span>
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la abl|p-form-of origin-pars" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/partibus#Latin partibus]</span>
+|-
+! class="case-header" | [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vocative_case Vocative]
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|s-form-of origin-pars" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">pars</strong></span>
+| class="form-cell" | <span class="Latn form-of lang-la voc|p-form-of origin-pars" lang="la">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/partes#Latin partēs]</span>
+|}

Nikolaos (Diskussion | Beiträge)

Version vom 18. August 2024, 17:32 Uhr

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension