„carcer“ – Versionsunterschied
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carcer | carcer [[Sprachstufe::uit.-lat.]] | ||
From <span class="etyl">[[wikipedia:Proto-Italic_language|Proto-Italic]]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/karkros|*karkros]]</em>, from <span class="etyl">[[wikipedia:Proto-Indo-European_language|Proto-Indo-European]]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kr-kr-&action=edit&redlink=1 *kr-kr-]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">circular</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, reduplication of <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)ker-|*(s)ker-]]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to turn, bend</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> in the sense of "enclosure", and as such a [[wikt:Appendix:Glossary#doublet|doublet]] of <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:cancer#Latin|cancer]]</em>. Cognate with <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:circus#Latin|circus]]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:curvus#Latin|curvus]]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:crux#Latin|crux]]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:crinis#Latin|crīnis]]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:crispus#Latin|crispus]]</em>, <span class="etyl">[[wikipedia:English_language|English]]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="en">[[wikt:ring#English|ring]]</em>. It is not known how the noun shifted to the third declension. | From <span class="etyl">[[wikipedia:Proto-Italic_language|Proto-Italic]]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro">[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/karkros|*karkros]]</em>, from <span class="etyl">[[wikipedia:Proto-Indo-European_language|Proto-Indo-European]]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kr-kr-&action=edit&redlink=1 *kr-kr-]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">circular</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, reduplication of <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)ker-|*(s)ker-]]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to turn, bend</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> in the sense of "enclosure", and as such a [[wikt:Appendix:Glossary#doublet|doublet]] of <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:cancer#Latin|cancer]]</em>. Cognate with <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:circus#Latin|circus]]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:curvus#Latin|curvus]]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:crux#Latin|crux]]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:crinis#Latin|crīnis]]</em>, <em class="Latn mention" lang="la">[[wikt:crispus#Latin|crispus]]</em>, <span class="etyl">[[wikipedia:English_language|English]]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="en">[[wikt:ring#English|ring]]</em>. It is not known how the noun shifted to the third declension. | ||
Aktuelle Version vom 8. Juni 2025, 11:00 Uhr
carcer uit.-lat.
From Proto-Italic *karkros, from Proto-Indo-European *kr-kr- (“circular”), reduplication of *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”) in the sense of "enclosure", and as such a doublet of cancer. Cognate with circus, curvus, crux, crīnis, crispus, English ring. It is not known how the noun shifted to the third declension.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈkar.ker/, [ˈkärkɛr]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈkar.t͡ʃer/, [ˈkärt͡ʃer]
Noun
carcer m (genitive carceris); third declension
- prison, jail [ synonyms ▲]
- Synonyms: tenebrae, (Mediaeval) carcellāria
- jailbird
- traps (barriers at start of a horse race)
- commencement, beginning
- starting gate
- Ad carceres a calce revocari.
- To be called back from the finish line to the starting gates.
Declension
Third-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | carcer | carcerēs |
| Genitive | carceris | carcerum |
| Dative | carcerī | carceribus |
| Accusative | carcerem | carcerēs |
| Ablative | carcere | carceribus |
| Vocative | carcer | carcerēs |