hypó

From Proto-Indo-European *upó, with regular rough breathing ῾ (h) before initial υ (u). Cognates include Latin sub and Sanskrit उप (upa).

The genitive is from the PIE ablative of origin or cause. The dative is from the PIE locative and metaphor of all infinitives coming from locatives. The accusative is from the pre-PIE directional and the PIE accusative of direct object.

Pronunciation

[ more ▼] 

• IPA^(key): /hy.pó/ → /yˈpo/ → /iˈpo/

Preposition

ῠ̔πό • (hupó) (governs the genitive, dative and accusative)

1. [+genitive]
   1. (of place) from underneath [ quotations ▼]
      1. under, beneath [ quotations ▼]
   2. (of cause or agency) by, through [ quotations ▼]
      1. (in pregnant phrases) of immediate acts of an agent, as well as further results [ quotations ▼]
      2. (in Herodotus and Attic, of things as well as persons) [ quotations ▼]
      3. denoting the attendant or accompanying circumstances [ quotations ▼]
      4. (of accompanying music) to give the time [ quotations ▼]
2. [+dative]
   1. (of place or position) under, near [ quotations ▼]
   2. (of agency) under, through, by [ quotations ▼]
      1. expressing subjection or dependence [ quotations ▼]
      2. of logical subordination [ quotations ▼]
      3. of attendant circumstances [ quotations ▼]
3. [+accusative]
   1. (of place) to express motion towards and under [ quotations ▼]
      1. of position or extension [ quotations ▼]
      2. of logical subordination [ quotations ▼]
   2. of subjection, control [ quotations ▼]
   3. (of time) just after [ quotations ▼]
   4. of accompaniment [ quotations ▼]
   5. to a certain degree [ quotations ▼]