proprietates terminorum

proprietates terminorum Für die mittelalterliche Termlogik ist die Theorie der proprietates terminorum grundlegend: Sie behandelt Eigenschaften sprachlicher Ausdrücke, die nötig sind, um Wahrheit, Fehlschluss und Inferenz zu erklären. Dazu gehören insbesondere significatio, suppositio, appellatio, später auch ampliatio, restrictio usw. (s. Medieval Theories. Properties of Terms (SEP))

• “There are four properties of terms that we intend to distinguish now … These properties are
  • significatio, suppositio, copulatio, appellatio (William of Sherwood)
• “there are many properties of a term, namely, supposition, appellation, restriction, distribution, and relation … But, because signification is, as it were, the perfection of a term, and because the properties of a term are founded on signification, one ought for the sake of clarity in what follows to see at the outset what the signification of a term is and how it differs from supposition” (Petrus Hispanus und Lambert von Auxerre)