dō

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *didō, from Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti, from the root *deh₃- (“give”). The reduplication was lost in Latin in the present tense, but is preserved in the other Italic languages. A root aorist (from Proto-Indo-European *déh₃t) is preserved in Venetic 𐌆𐌏𐌕𐌏(doto); the other Italic perfect forms reflect a reduplicated stative, *dedai. However, the root aorist possibly served as the source of the Latin present forms.^[1] Cognates include Ancient Greek δίδωμι (dídōmi), Sanskrit ददाति (dádāti), Old Persian 𐎭𐎭𐎠𐎬𐎢𐎺 (dā-).

Prefixed relatives of this verb are difficult to distinguish from those of Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-; see *-dere. This is due to Latin's vowel weakening of the root's short -a- (e.g. damus to -dimus, and also the infinitive weakening from *-are to -ere) after the attachment of prefixes, causing these prefixed relatives to analogically assume the third conjugation.

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /doː/, [d̪oː]
(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /do/, [d̪ɔː]

Audio (Classical)

Verb

dō (present infinitive dare, perfect active dedī, supine datum); first conjugation, irregular

to give [ synonym ▲][ quotations ▼]
Synonym: dōnō

Tertium non datur.^{law of excluded middle}

A third [possibility] is not given: $P\lor \neg P$ .

to impart, offer, render, present with [ synonyms ▲][ quotations ▼]
Synonyms: reddō, afferō
to afford, grant [ synonym ▲][ quotations ▼]
Synonym: dōnō
to bestow, confer (on or upon) [ synonym ▲]
Synonym: dōnō
to concede, surrender, yield, deliver, give up [ synonyms ▲]
Synonyms: dēdō, addīcō, concēdō, dēcēdō, committō, remittō, trādō, tribuō, dēferō, reddō, cēdō, permittō
to put
to adduce (e.g., a witness)

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