arma
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join”). armentum is an independent derivation from the same root, as if from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-mn̥-tom. Cognates include Sanskrit ऋत (ṛtá, “order; right; agreement etc.”) and अरम् (áram, “fitting”), Ancient Greek ἀραρίσκω (ararískō, “to fit together”) and Old Armenian արարի (arari, “I made”).
Semantic development was "that what is fitted together" → "tools" → "weapons". Also related to ars, artus, rītus.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈar.ma/, [ˈärmä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈar.ma/, [ˈärmä]
Noun
arma n pl (genitive armōrum); second declension
(plural only)
- arms, weapons of war, weaponry (implements of warfare) [ hypernym ▼][ quotations ▼]
- (metonymically) military action, war (arms as instruments of policy)
- (abstract or concrete) warfare, battle (military exploits)
- (metonymically) troops, military forces, the army
- weapons as means of defence
- (by extension) tools, equipment [ synonym ▲]
- Synonym: armāmenta
Declension
Second-declension noun (neuter), plural only.
| Case | Plural |
|---|---|
| Nominative | arma |
| Genitive | armōrum armum |
| Dative | armīs |
| Accusative | arma |
| Ablative | armīs |
| Vocative | arma |
Etymology 2
Nominative plural → feminine singular transfer common during the period.
Noun
arma f (genitive armae); first declension
- (Late Latin) a piece of weaponry
Declension
First-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | arma | armae |
| Genitive | armae | armārum |
| Dative | armae | armīs |
| Accusative | armam | armās |
| Ablative | armā | armīs |
| Vocative | arma | armae |