alius

From Proto-Italic *aljos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos, from *h₂el- (“beyond, other”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἄλλος (állos) (Modern Greek άλλος (állos)), αἶλος (aîlos) (Arcadocypriot), Old Armenian այլ (ayl), Proto-Celtic *alyos, Proto-Germanic *aljaz (Modern English else). Other forms from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- include Latin ille, uls.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈa.li.us/, [ˈälʲiʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈa.li.us/, [ˈäːlius]

Adjective

alius (feminine alia, neuter aliud); first/second-declension adjective (pronominal)

1. other, another, any other
2. else
3. different

Usage notes

• When used in pairs, alius...alius may function like English one...another.
• When used in pairs, aliī...aliī may function like English some...others.
• In an affirmative sentence, when alius is followed by an ablative, it conjointly means "other than" typically. In a negative sentence with an ablative, it would typically mean "nothing else but" or "nothing other than".

• Alius can also mean "different" when the word is written twice with the second alius being in the ablative case, e.g. "alius aliō"

Declension

Irregular declension. Regular genitive singular, alīus, is rare, being normally supplied by alterīus, the genitive of alter, instead.[1]

First/second-declension adjective (pronominal).

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	alius	alia	aliud		aliī	aliae	alia
Genitive	alterīus				aliōrum	aliārum	aliōrum
Dative	aliī				aliīs
Accusative	alium	aliam	aliud		aliōs	aliās	alia
Ablative	aliō	aliā	aliō		aliīs
Vocative	alie	alia	aliud		aliī	aliae	alia

A contracted form of the neuter nominative/accusative singular, alid, was used by Catullus and Lucretius.