iūs

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /i̯uːs/, [i̯uːs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /jus/, [jus]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *jowos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yew-, an extended form of the root *h₂ey- (the source of aevum and iuvenis). Cognate with Sanskrit योस् (yós).

Noun

iūs n (genitive iūris); third declension

1. law, right [ quotations ▼]
2. subjective right, individual right
3. court of law

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	iūs	iūra
Genitive	iūris	iūrum
Dative	iūrī	iūribus
Accusative	iūs	iūra
Ablative	iūre	iūribus
Vocative	iūs	iūra

The genitive plural iūrum does appear rarely, e.g. in Plautus and in Cato as quoted by Charisius.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *yúHs (“soup, broth”). Cognate with Sanskrit यूस् (yūs), यूष (yūṣa), Ancient Greek ζύμη (zúmē), Proto-Germanic *justaz, Proto-Slavic *juxa.

Noun

iūs n (genitive iūris); third declension

1. gravy
2. broth, soup
3. sauce
4. juice

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	iūs	iūra
Genitive	iūris	iūrum
Dative	iūrī	iūribus
Accusative	iūs	iūra
Ablative	iūre	iūribus
Vocative	iūs	iūra