„ou“ – Versionsunterschied

[ungesichtete Version]

Aktuelle Version vom 6. Juni 2025, 09:21 Uhr

Im griechischen Alphabet existiert kein Buchstabe, der dem U-Laut entspricht. Stattdessen wird er durch die Abfolge eines Omikrons und eines Ypsilons wiedergegeben. Bei im Prinzip fehlerhaften Transkriptionen aus dem Griechischen in lateinischer Schrift sieht man daher oft statt eines einfachen „u“ ein „ou“, obwohl es sich nur um einen U-Laut handelt. In manchen Übersetzungen wird ein ū verwendet.

Adelung

Die Doppellauter oi und ou
finden sich,
- außer einigen eigenthümlichen Nahmen,
- nur noch in den gemeinen gröbern Mundarten.
  - Für auch spricht der Schweizer ouch,
  - für Eimer Oimer,
  - und statt Voigt schreibt und spricht man im Hochdeutschen beständig Vogt.

Alternative forms

οὐκ (ouk) — before vowel with smooth breathing
οὐχ (oukh) — before vowel with rough breathing
οὔ (oú) — pausal form
οὐχί (oukhí) — Epic, Attic
οὐκί (oukí) — Epic, Ionic

Etymology

Possibly οὐκί (oukí, “not so, never”), from Proto-Hellenic *oyuki, from Proto-Indo-European *(ne) h₂óyu kʷíd (“(not) ever, (not) on your life”).^[1] Compare Sanskrit उद् (ud), Gothic 𐌿𐌳 (ud), Old Armenian ոչ (očʿ) and Albanian as.

Pronunciation

[ more ▼]

IPA^(key): /uː/ → /u/ → /u/

Particle

οὐ • (ou) (negative particle)

not (indicates negation)

Usage notes

οὐ is the indicative negator (i.e. of facts, statements), where μή (mḗ) is the subjunctive negator (i.e. of will, thought). It usually immediately precedes the word (most often a verb) which it negates. Negative concord (also known as double negatives) is frequent in Ancient Greek.

[1

@@ Zeile 1: / Zeile 1: @@
-Die Doppellauter [[oi]] und [[ou]]
+[[o-]][[-u]]  [[Sprachstufe::agr.]] '[[nicht]]'
-* finden sich,
-** außer einigen eigenthümlichen Nahmen,
+Im griechischen Alphabet existiert kein Buchstabe, der dem U-Laut entspricht. Stattdessen wird er durch die Abfolge eines Omikrons und eines Ypsilons wiedergegeben. Bei im Prinzip fehlerhaften Transkriptionen aus dem Griechischen in lateinischer Schrift sieht man daher oft statt eines einfachen „u“ ein „ou“, obwohl es sich nur um einen U-Laut handelt. In manchen Übersetzungen wird ein ū verwendet.
-** nur noch in den gemeinen gröbern Mundarten.
-*** Für auch spricht der Schweizer ouch,
+Adelung
-*** für Eimer Oimer,
+* Die Doppellauter [[oi]] und [[ou]]
+* finden sich,
+** außer einigen eigenthümlichen Nahmen,
+** nur noch in den gemeinen gröbern Mundarten.
+*** Für auch spricht der Schweizer ouch,
+*** für Eimer Oimer,
 *** und statt Voigt schreibt und spricht man im Hochdeutschen beständig Vogt.
+=== <span id="Alternative_forms">Alternative forms</span> ===
+*<span class="Polyt" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BF%E1%BD%90%CE%BA#Ancient_Greek οὐκ]</span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">ouk</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> — ''before vowel with [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/smooth_breathing smooth breathing]''
+*<span class="Polyt" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BF%E1%BD%90%CF%87#Ancient_Greek οὐχ]</span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">oukh</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> — ''before vowel with [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rough_breathing rough breathing]''
+*<span class="Polyt" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BF%E1%BD%94#Ancient_Greek οὔ]</span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">oú</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> — ''[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pausal pausal] form''
+*<span class="Polyt" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%CE%BF%E1%BD%90%CF%87%CE%AF&action=edit&redlink=1 οὐχί]</span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">oukhí</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> — ''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeric_Greek Epic], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attic_Greek Attic]''
+*<span class="Polyt" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BF%E1%BD%90%CE%BA%CE%AF#Ancient_Greek οὐκί]</span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">oukí</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> — ''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeric_Greek Epic], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_Greek Ionic]''
+=== <span id="Etymology">Etymology</span> ===
+<p>Possibly <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BF%E1%BD%90%CE%BA%CE%AF#Ancient_Greek οὐκί]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">oukí</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">not so, never</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Greek_language Proto-Hellenic]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="grk-pro">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/oyuki&action=edit&redlink=1 *oyuki]</em>, from <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language Proto-Indo-European]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">*([https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ne ne]) [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h%E2%82%82%C3%B3yu_k%CA%B7%C3%ADd h₂óyu kʷíd]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">(not) ever, (not) on your life</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BF%E1%BD%90#cite_note-1 [1]]</sup> Compare <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrit Sanskrit]</span> <em class="Deva mention" lang="sa">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1 उद्]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="sa-Latn">ud</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_language Gothic]</span> <em class="Goth mention" lang="got">[https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%B3&action=edit&redlink=1 𐌿𐌳]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="got-Latn">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ud#Gothic ud]</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Armenian Old Armenian]</span> <em class="Armn mention" lang="xcl">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D5%B8%D5%B9#Old_Armenian ոչ]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="xcl-Latn">očʿ</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> and <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanian_language Albanian]</span> <em class="Latn mention" lang="sq">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/as#Albanian as]</em>.</p>
+=== <span id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</span> ===
+<div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"><span class="vsToggleElement"><span class="NavToggle">[ more ▼]</span>&nbsp;</span><div class="vsShow">
+*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet IPA]<sup>([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek_phonology key])</sup>: <span class="IPA">/uː/</span> → <span class="IPA">/u/</span> → <span class="IPA">/u/</span>
+</div></div>
+=== <span id="Particle">Particle</span> ===
+<p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Polyt headword" lang="grc">οὐ</strong> [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Ancient_Greek_transliteration •] (<span class="headword-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr" lang="grc-Latn">ou</span>) (''negative particle'')</span></p>
+#[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/not#English not] <span class="gloss-brac">(</span><span class="gloss-content"><span class="Latn" lang="en">indicates negation</span></span><span class="gloss-brac">)</span>
+==== <span id="Usage_notes">Usage notes</span> ====
+<p><span class="Polyt" lang="grc">οὐ</span> is the [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/indicative indicative] negator (i.e. of facts, statements), where <em class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BC%CE%AE#Ancient_Greek μή]</em> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-tr tr Latn" lang="grc-Latn">mḗ</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> is the [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/subjunctive subjunctive] negator (i.e. of will, thought). It usually immediately precedes the word (most often a verb) which it negates. Negative concord (also known as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/double_negative double negatives]) is frequent in <span class="etyl">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek Ancient Greek]</span>.</p>