tener
Disputed; either:
- From Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch, draw”). Cognates would include Ancient Greek τείνω (teínō), Sanskrit तनोति (tanóti) and Old English þennan. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
- Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“soft, weak, tender; young, small”) with dissimilation or metathesis: according to M. de Vaan, from Proto-Italic *terenosalong with Sabine terenum (“soft”). Further cognates would include Epic Greek τέρην (térēn, “soft, gentle”), Old Armenian թոռն (tʻoṙn, “grandchild”), Middle Armenian թարմ (tʻarm, “fresh”) and Sanskrit तरुण (táruṇa, “young, tender, juvenile”), तर्ण (tárṇa, “calf”).[1]
Umstritten; entweder:
- Von uig. *ten- „strecken, ziehen“. Verwandte Wörter wären agrie. τείνω teínō, Sanskrit तनोति (tanóti) und Altenglisch þennan, dt. dehnen
- Letztendlich von uig. *ter- „weich, schwach, zart; jung, klein“ mit Dissimilation oder Metathese: laut M. de Vaan von uital. *terenosalong mit Sabinisch terenum „weich“. Weitere Verwandte wären das epische grie. τέρην térēn, „weich, sanft“, das aarm. ԩָրրֶ tʻoṙn, „Enkelkind“, das mittelarmenische և tʻarm, „frisch“ und das Sanskrit तरुण táruṇa, „jung, zart, jugendlich“ र्ण tárṇa, „Kalb“.
Adjektiv tener (feminin tenera, sächlich tenerum, Komparativ tenerior, Superlativ tenerrimus, Adverb tenerē); Adjektiv erster/zweiter Deklination (Nominativ maskulin Singular auf -er)
- weich, zart, zärtlich
- jung, jugendlich
- weiblich, sensibel
- (poetisch) erotisch
| (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈte.ner/, [ˈt̪ɛnɛr] | |||||||
| (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈte.ner/, [ˈt̪ɛːner] | |||||||
| First/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er). | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
| Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | tener | tenera | tenerum | tenerī | tenerae | tenera | |
| Genitive | tenerī | tenerae | tenerī | tenerōrum | tenerārum | tenerōrum | |
| Dative | tenerō | tenerō | tenerīs | ||||
| Accusative | tenerum | teneram | tenerum | tenerōs | tenerās | tenera | |
| Ablative | tenerō | tenerā | tenerō | tenerīs | |||
| Vocative | tener | tenera | tenerum | tenerī | tenerae | tenera | |